In recent years the many efforts to individualized instruction have been hampered by a lack of communication among professionals. The Descriptor for Individualized Instruction was developed to facilitate communication. It functions in several ways: 1) as a summary of a single program, 2) as a means of comparison between programs, 3) as a tool to…

This volume of the Michigan Speech Association secondary curriculum guide--an expanded version of the 1968 edition (ED 026 393)--is devoted solely to the development of debating skills. The guide is intended to assist teachers in planning a course of instruction in debate and to provide techniques for coaching students who participate in an…

A combination of information integration methodology and measures of retention was used to investigate how subjects differentially attend to and weight information in judgmental tasks. Subjects were shown sets of test scores for hypothetical students and were asked to rate the performance of each student or predict each student's performance on a…

In this commentary the author responds to critics who question the value of teaching the humanities and also points out some weaknesses in the arguments of humanists themselves, including his opinion that most of their arguments are meaningful only to other humanists and do nothing to sway their critics. (JMD)

The status and activities of the Center for Strategic and International Studies and its ties to Georgetown University are described. CSIS serves as a kind of open university for policy makers, outlining the issues and policy choices that the U.S. will face in the future. It maintains a professional staff of 25, has a politically conservative…

Examines assumptions underlying the classroom activities of teaching and of objective evaluation. Teaching and learning are continuous and contingent activities, but testing and grading proceed under correspondence assumptions. Thus, bureaucratic demands for objective and standardized evaluations are often incompatible with the contingencies of…

Since judgments of teaching and teachers should be distinguished, six arguments for using the students' opinions are reviewed and three counter-arguments are presented. It is shown that many previous validity studies are based upon a logical error and that none justifies the validity of students' opinions of teaching. Subjectivity may be the cause…

Taba objectives seek to modify teaching methods so that directive, teacher-dominated techniques, which encourage primarily the recall of cognitive information, are replaced by supportive instructional techniques, which encourage more complex levels of thinking such as drawing conclusions and inferences. (JD)

Examines the extent to which the inability to translate decisionally relevant information into matrix form and knowledge about decision rule use act as impediments to consistent choice-making. Indicates that instruction, in decision matrix construction and decision rule application, increases students' decision making consistency. (JK)

Based on written case folder information, 161 preservice teachers made special education classification and placement decisions and indicated what factors they felt had influenced their decisions. Although they believed that test results had exercised the strongest influence, the stated reason for referral actually had the most significant…

Groups of 30 children (kindergarten, second, fourth, and sixth grades) were shown videotapes of four types of conversations between two stimulus children. In each videotape, one child began conversation, and other child responded, each of them making either a high- or low-intimate self-disclosure. Findings indicated that norm of reciprocity…

Studies five-year-olds' relative number judgements of small and large number displays with and without perceptual aids. Children were found to respond to local rather than global density differences and to benefit from the provision of perceptual aids on both small and large number displays. (Author/AS)

Describes four experiments conducted among adults and 3- to 7-year-olds to validate a task analysis that indicates that the equality, group enhancement, and superiority social decisions require a greater information processing load than the altruism, rivalry, and individualism social decisions. (HOD)

Ethnographic interviews with 23 college-aged women revealed most considered few career alternatives, relied on easily accessible information sources, made choices early in life, stayed with the choice, and decided to either "earn money" or "stay at home." The others considered several alternatives, pursued them, and linked them to relationships…

Four teachers offer definitions, experiences, and opinions relating to the teaching of moral values in the classroom. (EL)