Research on tokenism processes is reviewed and coalesces around two conclusions. First, gender constructs different social contexts for token women and for token men. Second, gender is most usefully conceptualized as a status variable, not something internal to the individual. Gender serves as a status marker such that women's subordinated status…

This study tested R. W. Lent, S. D. Brown, and G. Hackett's (1994) model of career choice with 364 Mexican American adolescent women. Path analyses were run to determine the influence of contextual and social cognitive variables on career aspiration, career choice prestige, and traditionality. Partial support for the model was evidenced as…

This monograph presents information about programs identified during the 1992, 1993, and 1994 national searches for exemplary vocational education programs. Background information on the search is presented in the first section. The second section provides a description of the 20 exemplary program components and best practices for each component.…

The Women in Skilled Trades (WIST) project was developed to increase female enrollments at North Lake College (NLC) in Irving, Texas, and thereby provide women with marketable skills in building maintenance/repair and encourage their continued training in a related two-year nontraditional technical program. Of the 21 students recruited into the…

The NEW (Nontraditional Employment for Women Act) Work for Women project at Dundalk Community College (DCC) encourages and assists women in entering nontraditional fields, especially the building and construction trades. The program provides comprehensive services in outreach and awareness of nontraditional careers, career counseling, education,…

This curriculum guide contains task performance guides for eight duties to be taught to prospective and inservice trade and technical education teachers in Maine. The duties involve eliminating sex bias and sex discrimination in school, on the job, and in self-identification. The eight duties described in the guide are the following: eliminating…

This paper provides tips for approaching employers and labor union representatives on the issue of hiring more women in nontraditional occupations, suggesting ways to respond to common excuses for not hiring women in such occupations. The paper first lists general strategies for developing a good working relationship with employers and union…

This document is a compilation of materials on improving parent involvement in career education. Section 1 contains the following informative materials and exercises: a parent's guide to the career development alphabet, involvement continuum, self-assessment, influences on parents' career decisions, and parental influence exercises; and sample…

One of four research projects designed to examine barriers to the entrance of women into nontraditional careers, the study summarized here examined the attitudes held by 638 New Jersey high school students, teachers, and other professionals at comprehensive and vocational-technical high schools toward sexual harassment. Study participants were…

One of four research projects designed to examine barriers to entrance of women into the workforce, the study described in this bulletin examined the relationship between knowledge of nontraditional careers and attitudes toward them. Questionnaires were administered to 1,755 students from 12 New Jersey school districts to determine their attitudes…

This study examined gender roles and career orientation among 126 male and 126 female fourth through sixth grade gifted students. The Children's Sex Role Test was used to assess masculinity, femininity, and androgyny. While results showed more gender appropriate scores for males than females, overall more boys than girls were classified as…

This publication provides a comprehensive list of strategies from which vocational educators can choose when designing a recruitment campaign. The strategies are aimed at increasing the participation of females and males in Ohio's vocational programs. They offer suggestions for (1) involving elementary and middle schools, high schools, parents,…

Previous research on the personality traits and needs of professional women has found that women in nontraditional roles possess traits that are more characteristic of the male sex role, and that in many instances they are higher on those traits. To determine sex and occupational differences in the self-perceptions of male and female psychologists…

This career booklet presents nine short biographies of women who began studying as mature students--after working or staying at home with their families--and were able to develop new careers in the less traditional female areas of work in technology and engineering. Aimed at women in their 30s and 40s, the booklet illustrates ways in which women…

The New Jersey Sex Equity Leadership Council was designed to serve as a model leadership identification and training program. The primary objectives of the council were to develop a cadre of trained personnel within the state's vocational system and to increase student recruitment and retention in nontraditional curricula within individual…