This study tested the replicability and cross-cultural invariance of a trans-contextual model of motivation across 4 samples from diverse cultures. The model proposes a motivational sequence in which perceived autonomy support (PAS) in physical education (PE) predicts autonomous motivation, intentions, and behavior in a leisure-time (LT) physical…

Many studies of the neural mechanisms of learning have focused on habituation, a simple form of learning in which a response decrements with repeated stimulation. In the siphon-elicited siphon withdrawal reflex (S-SWR) of the marine mollusk "Aplysia," the prevailing view is that homosynaptic depression of primary sensory afferents underlies…

Conceptualizations of the role of racism and sexism in African American women's lives suggest that racism and sexism may have unique and interactive links to psychological distress. Path analysis was used to examine concomitantly these links for a sample of 133 African American university and community women. Respondents' self-reported experiences…

Previous research has indicated that cognitive and affective variables play an important role in psychological disturbance. However, the examination of such variables as predictors of distress across different cultural groups has been neglected. Accordingly, this study assessed the role of outcome expectancies and affectivity as concomitants of…

The present study investigated the satisfaction of international students. The factor analysis revealed the three factors of "learning and research", "living and adaptation" and "Japanese language ability". The ten variables were used to predict the satisfaction of international students and found five significant…

The purpose of this study was to examine the cognitive correlates of RD-grade skill in arithmetic, algorithmic computation, and arithmetic word problems. Third graders (N = 312) were measured on language, nonverbal problem solving, concept formation, processing speed, long-term memory, working memory, phonological decoding, and sight word…

Tutors working for The Open University of Israel (OUI), a distance learning institution, are often the only academic staff who have direct contact with students. Their performance is therefore crucial for the university. The nature of their job, however, might hinder optimal performance: they are temporary and part time employees, and thus have…

This fourth and final volume of the 31st annual proceedings of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education conference presents research reports for author surnames beginning Na- through Zod-. Reports include: (1) Mathematically Gifted Students' Problem Solving Approaches on Conditional Probability (GwiSoo Na, DaeHee Han,…

The last decade has seen accelerating change in Australia in the form of devolution of authority, democratic decision making, school accountability, and central reorganization. This paper presents findings of a study that investigated transformational and transactional conceptualizations of leadership and their usefulness in predicting school…

Social support has been found to be positively related to well being in elderly individuals. To examine the effects of social integration (social resources, social interaction, and perceived adequacy of resources), and health, age, marital status, and socioeconomic status (SES) on mental health among urban elderly individuals, 1,727 persons from…

Social and health service utilization have been the subject of numerous studies, but most have examined service utilization from the perspective of the type of service delivered to older adults. To determine the factors that predict overall utilization of services, data that had been collected in 1975 for the General Accounting Offices' survey of…

LISREL-type structural equation modeling is a powerful statistical technique that seems appropriate for social science variables which are complex and difficult to measure. The literature on the specification, estimation, and testing of such models is voluminous. The greatest proportion of this literature, however, focuses on the technical aspects…

The relationship between mathematics tests and the theoretical learning process was explored using alternative statistical methods and models. Data for over 1300 students in grade 5 using the mathematics subscales from the National Longitudinal Study of Mathematical Abilities (NLSMA) were analyzed. Results indicated that Bloom's taxonomy is weakly…

Most research examining the relationship between sex role orientation and psychological well-being has been guided by either the congruence, androgyny, or masculinity model. The congruence model predicts that low self-esteem and high depression are consequences of gender/sex role incongruence. The androgyny model predicts that high self-esteem and…

This report explains why the Management Implications of Team Teaching (MITT) project chose multiple linear regression and path analysis to analyze through-time relationships among variables, and why it rejected repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and difference scores over time. Project MITT examined governance and work structures for…