A major issue in educational research involves taking into consideration the multilevel nature of the data. Since the late 1980s, attempts have been made to model social science data that conform to a nested structure. Among other models, two-level structural equation modelling or two-level path modelling and hierarchical linear modelling are two…

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms are a focus of much research with older children, but little research has been conducted with young children, who account for about 50% of all pediatric burn injuries. This is a 3-year study of 12- to 48-month-old acutely burned children to assess acute traumatic stress outcomes. The aims were to…

Principals are held accountable for student achievement although most studies find that they have no direct effect on it. In this study we tested a model hypothesizing that principals contribute to student achievement indirectly through teacher commitment and beliefs about their collective capacity. Path analysis of data from 205 elementary…

This study investigated the roles of coping and masculinity in higher rates of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls, as compared to boys. A model was designed and tested through path analysis, which involved the variables of sex, gender, problem-focused coping, rumination, and distraction. The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale and the Bem…

This book is meant as a basic and fairly nontechnical introduction to multilevel analysis for applied researchers in the social sciences. The term "multilevel" refers to a hierarchical or nested data structure, usually people within organizational groups, although the nesting may also consist of repeated measures with people or…

This paper tests a multivariate theory of family status, socialization, and student politics employing two different methodological techniques: (1) the popular path analysis method as compared with (2) a modified causal analysis approach. Results reveal that both techniques appear to be a reliable check on one another. (Editor/PG)

In an analysis of multitrait-multimethod matrices the criteria for discriminant validity are shown to include a "structure" criterion as an invariance of traits structure to methods. The criterion is meant to fit data to an additive model with traits and methods but not interaction terms. The importance of the structure criterion and the…

School interventions are often based on the assumption that such variables as self-concept and locus of control should have a meaningful impact on achievement. Yet research support for such influence is inconsistent. Because this inconsistency may be due to methodological problems, a study was conducted which used path analysis to determine the…

Data taken in 1970-1971 from three university-trained occupational groups in Sao Paulo's manufacturing industries are used in a path analysis to draw interoccupational comparisons concerning the antecedents of occupational wage differentials. As a whole the analysis illustrates a strategy of comparative occupational analysis. (Author)

A path model of genetic and family environmental transmission was fitted to published twin correlations and to general cognitive ability data from adoptive and nonadoptive families in which children were tested yearly through the fourth year. Longitudinal genetic correlations from infancy to adulthood were modeled explicitly, as were effects of…

Discusses the application of path analysis in the context of genetic epidemiology. Examines the coherence of model specification, plausibility of modeling assumptions, the interpretability and usefulness of the model, and the validity of statistical procedures. (RB)

This study examined the relationship of perceived social competence to leisure participation, leisure satisfaction, and life satisfaction in middle aged and older adults using a sample of 205 people aged 41 to 86. Findings and conclusions are discussed. (Author/MT)

To explore the relationship between spatial ability and both image quality and image process efficiency, 79 subjects completed spatial tests, imagery questionnaires, and laboratory tasks. Laboratory measures of process efficiency and image quality were strongly related to spatial test performance and weakly related to one another. (Author/BW)

Examined marital cohesion as a component of marital adjustment. Seven variables related to adjustment were entered into a path model. Over 36 percent of the variance in cohesion was explained by the model. Four hypothesized direct effects were supported (i.e., for comparison level, self-disclosure anxiety, spousal hostility, and sex). (JAC)

For a study, a path model was developed and tested representing variables that relate to sexual coercion. Specifically, sex, who asked, who paid, relational stage, past/current relationship, attitudes, drug or alcohol use, coercion strategies, and victim resistance were proposed and their effects examined. Data were collected by using electronic…