Research on gender stereotypes has contrasted males with females, describing males by competency traits and females by traits which denote warmth or emotionality. However, it has become clear that these traits do not satisfactorily describe all members of either sex, since not all men possess only masculine characteristics and not all women…

Over 400 college students used the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) to describe either a typical, desirable, or ideal man or woman. Findings obtained from Bem's androgeny score are contrasted with those from its component masculinity and femininity scale scores. Recommendations are made for using the component scores as separate variables. (Author/GC)

Presents a study designed to examine the assignment of traits (masculine vs. feminine) to male and female high and low performers in gender-linked jobs. Among the conclusions are that high performance is perceived to be masculine, that men are seen as more powerful than women, and that good performance is viewed as masculine. (GEA)

Evaluates the research conducted on sex roles and perceptions of femininity and masculinity of Hispanic women. Reviews early social and anthropological studies describing the roles of Hispanic women before the advent of the women's movement in the 1960's, continuing with more recent psychosocial studies on male-female roles and allocation of power…

Six different measures of sex typing were administered to 101 children aged three- to five-years-old. Results demonstrate that there is a weak correlation among measures of sex typing. Correlations were higher in magnitude and more numerous for boys than for girls, which suggests the possibility of separate patterns of sex-typed development. (BJV)

Explored the relationships among childhood activities, masculine and feminine characteristics, and career choices among career women and homemakers. Results indicated that childhood participation in sex-typed activities is associated with the adult personality characteristics of masculinity and femininity and adult role choices. (Author/BL)

Discusses negative messages conveyed by television about male sexuality, considers the link between masculinity and hero worship and what makes up the traditional hero's sexual attributes as an illustration of the kind of negative sexual image portrayed, and makes several suggestions for changes in television's portrayal of contemporary sexual…

The cultural association between masculinity and technology in Western societies is hard to exaggerate. It operates not only as a popular assumption, but also as an academic "truth." Even feminist writers, usually at the forefront of attacks on assumptions about gender, have mostly accepted the association, and, rather than challenging its…

This book explores the relationship between violence and masculinity within schools. It suggests that violence has been "masculinized" in such a way that boys often perpetrate violence as a means of demonstrating their perception of what counts as a valued form of masculinity. Chapter 1 looks at some of the ways in which violence has…

The development of the modern myth of the American family and television attitudes toward men, masculinity, and fathers are explored. (JJD)

Tests the prediction that the combination of a Type A behavioral style and a sex role orientation low in masculinity would be associated with low self-esteem, high social anxiety, and depression, and that these tendencies would be more pronounced among women than among men. (Author/SS)

Treating the inevitable frustrations of the changing nature of man's role is becoming more and more important for the mental health of both sexes. Individual one-on-one therapy is used as an introduction to bridge the individual or couple into the ongoing workshop of the therapy group or self-help consciousness-raising group. (Author)

Because of their racial ambiguity in the United States, Asian Americans have been constructed historically to be both like and unlike Black and White people, and Asian American men have been both hypermasculinized and feminized, just as Asian American women have been both masculinized and hyperfeminized. (SLD)

Examines the process of identity construction and its relationship to discursive and representational acts in producing students as academic and social beings. Drawing on Judith Butler's work on gender performativity, the paper highlights African American female and southeast Asian American male high school students, analyzing the symbolic and…

Concludes that raising awareness of dominance does not necessarily imply the dismissal of dominant group values. States that what is needed is a critical analysis of the complexity, subtlety, and systemic interrelatedness and embeddedness of dominant beliefs, values, and standards in western, democratic societies. (DAJ)