The relationship between juvenile delinquency and learning disabilities has been studied in the context of socioeconomic status, temperament, school success, and peer relationships. To use a process-oriented approach in evaluating cognitive and learning profiles of delinquents and learning disabled adolescents, and to examine the possibility that…

The analysis of racial differences has been a popular undertaking for social scientists, perhaps because it seems to be easy to do and it yields interesting differences. This study raises the possibility that the frequent finding of higher self-esteem scores among blacks compared with whites may be attributable, at least in part, to black-white…

A method for measuring recognition memory (free of distractors) and false recognition was based on the assumption that the subject was "honest." A distractor-free test of word recognition (a single-item test trial in which the 36 targets were presented prior to the 36 distractors) was compared with a traditional target-distractor…

Although the Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank (ISB):High School Form has been used to distinguish between normal and abnormal adolescents, it has been hypothesized that in facility placed juvenile delinquents' highly conflictual responses (i.e., those that index maladjustment) reflect removal from home and agency placement rather than long-term…

The basic aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the effects of examiner (or teacher) expectancy on performance over perception tasks related to the visual arts. (Author)

Few phenomena in psychology have been studied more than reaction time. However, while response latency now provides the basic data for research in many areas of cognitive psychology, little work has been done on the problem of incorporating response latency in the measurement of individual differences. A solution to this problem requires the…

Presents evidence from a study of examination answer changes by students and from supporting literature to discredit the idea that first impression answers on objective tests are dependable enough that subsequent changes more often result in lower scores than in higher scores. (JT)

Basic mathemagenic concepts were tested under instructional conditions. Research areas of interest were the effect of two different types of adjunct questions and adjunct question positions on problem solving ability on prose materials. (Author/DEP)

Undergraduate students were interviewed to determine their identity states. A distinctive interpersonal style, both toward peers and toward authority was associated with each identity status. Results of these findings for a theory of identity development are discussed. (Author/DEP)

Over the years many criticisms have been offered against the multiple choice test format. Ambiguous, and emphasizing isolated information, they are also the most difficult objective tests to construct. Over-interpretation is a danger of multiple choice examinations with students picking subtle answers the test makers consider incorrect. Yet, the…

Item response changing as a function of test anxiety was investigated. Seventy graduate students enrolled in a basic statistics course completed 73 multiple-choice items on the course content and the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS). The TAS consisted of 25 items that students indicated were descriptive (true) or not descriptive (false) of themselves.…

Relationships among the Test Anxiety Scale for Children (TASC), the Lie Scale for Children (LSC), and sex were estimated from a pooled sample of 1,755 children in grades 1 to l0. Defensiveness and test anxiety showed equally strong sex differences; sex effects in test anxiety were not completely attributable to sex effects in defensiveness, but…

It was hypothesized that using asterisks as attention focusing devices would cause students to read all asteriked test items more carefully and would improve test scores of undergraduate education students. Sixty-three undergraduates majoring in elementary or special education were administered a 36-item objective test. Asterisks were used to…

This study examined similarities and differences between blacks' and whites' responses to rarely endorsed Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) items, as well as those items responded to most differently by the ethnic groups. Our subjects, 882 normal black middle-class adults from Alabama, Michigan and North Carolina, were compared to…