Can the laws of learning be applied in the classroom? The issue is whether control over the stimulus affords management-control over the learning processes within the student. The S-R (stimulus-response) position in psychology, most notably associated with Skinner, tends to accept and assert the affirmative. However, accumulated experience with…

Reported were two studies designed to clarify the effects of verbal elaboration on children's learning. Study I was undertaken to replicate, with controlled training times, an earlier investigation of the effects of three types of extended verbal elaboration (sentences, semantic paragraphs, and syntactic paragraphs). Trials to criterion analyses…

The purpose of this study was to (1) compare the semantic relationships among common nouns obtained via two different measurement procedures and (2) determine if the use of these relationships to classify the various words results in differential degrees of learning when the stimuli are cast in terms of the paired-associate learning paradigm.…

Two vocabulary tasks--one production and one recognition--were compared with the expectation that the recognition task would yield better performance than the production task. The pairs of pictures used in the recognition task were divided into eight groups defined on target and distractor frequency and same-different conceptual category…

THE EFFECTS OF SELECTIVE MANIPULATION OF PICTORIAL CONTENT UPON PAIRED ASSOCIATE LEARNING WERE TESTED AND EVALUATED. STIMULUS MATERIAL WAS VARIED BY AUGMENTING CONTOUR CUES AND DIMINISHING IRRELEVANT CUES. FIFTH-GRADE STUDENTS WERE ASSIGNED TO NINE DIFFERENT TREATMENTS, INVOLVING STIMULUS SLIDES THAT VARIED IN TREATMENT OF CONTOUR AND CONTEXTUAL…

Three experiments were performed to extend the research using the Subject Matter Trainer (SMT), an early teaching machine. Various training modes were compared. In all three experiments, the subject's task was to learn adjective pairs. Experiment I used the anticipation method. A test slide was shown first with an adjective singled out at the top…

The prediction that two different methods of constructing linear, tree graphs will yield the same formal structure of semantic space and measurement of word proximity was tested by comparing the distribution of node degree, the distribution of the number of pairs of nodes connected y times, and the distribution of adjective degree in trees…

Research has indicated that interference produced by the sharing of sensory features of paired-associate stimulus words was not eliminated by processing the pairs at the meaning level. These experiments were intended to extend the range of conditions under which the sensory interference effect might persist, and to incorporate the findings within…

Elementary school and college students acquired a paired-associate list under the study-test procedure to a one errorless trail criterion. In addition, as each pair was presented the individual indicated whether she/he had that pair correct on the immediately preceding trail (post-diction responses). (Author/SB)

A series of three experiments was conducted to verify the hypothesis that age differences in paired-associate learning proficiency across adolescence stem from the development of increasing eleaborative propensity. (Author/JMB)

Fourth, sixth, and eighth grade students studied a word learning task and were tested on three consecutive days. Expectancy statements were made by half the subjects. These results seemingly contradict previous research, but the contradiction was explained in terms of task complexity. Expectations were found to be motivational. (Author/BW)

Examines the position that the presence of contexts facilitates paired-associate learning through mediation. (Editor/RK)

It was found in a retention test that progressive elaboration was superior to single-response elaboration, as in the Bower and Reitman (1972) study; the present study was an extension of that Bower and Reitman study. (Author/RK)

The initial concern of these studies was with the superiority of pictures over corresponding words as stimuli in paired associate learning. (Author)