Examined Haley's contention that successful counseling is characterized by counselor dominance or control. Interaction was rated for topic-initiating or topic-following responses in six counseling dyads. Results demonstrated that counselors were dominant in the successful dyads, whereas dependency was equal in the unsuccessful dyads. (BH)

This author investigates the claim that A-B therapist type is associated with variation in the process and outcome of psychotherapy by testing the hypothesis that A's are superior with schizophrenics and both are comparably successful with neurotics. (RWP)

Using six different measures of therapist empathy employed in previous research, this study correlated the empathy measures with each other, with a measure of therapeutic process (depth of self-exploration), and with several outcome measures. (Author)

An effective counselor is described as one who has and uses his ability to help others. Techniques and trappings are secondary and may vary greatly from one effective counselor to the other. (Author)

Foulds' findings that certain personality characteristics associated with self-actualization as measured by the Personal Orientation Inventory were significantly related to the ability of counselors to communicate empathic understanding and facilitative genuineness could not be replicated. (Author)

The results indicate that more cooperative behavior is induced in the listener when invariant warmth is expressed, while more cooperative behavior is induced in the actor when invariant anger or anger followed by warmth is expressed. (Author)

Exploration of interpersonal orientations during first year in field indicates that new counselors become more directive, both in theory and in practice than their teachers would have supported. (Author/CJ)

In determining whether the technique of desensitization would reduce the initial anxiety experienced by the beginning counselor trainee, analyses of the data revealed significantly less self-reported anxiety in the experimental group. No differences were found in heart rate, skin resistance, and tape-evaluation measures. (Author/CG(

The results of this study suggest that counselor first impressions are related to selected outcomes and should be considered in making counselor client assignments. (Author)

Levels of warmth were significantly related to student evaluation of effectiveness for females but not for males. While resident and student ratings of effectiveness were significantly related overall and for females, the counseling variables were not related significantly to head resident ratings. It appears that residents and students responded…

In study 1, 28 college career counselor competencies were identified using a nominal group panel of seven participants. In study 2, 20 counselors rated these competencies, overwhelmingly endorsing 20 of them as valuable. (Contains 21 references.) (SK)

Clients are a major source of influence and serve as primary teachers in the process of counselor development. This article examines the dynamic of how counselors change as a result of their experiences with clients. Two case studies are presented as examples of counselor change. (Contains 15 references.) (Author)

This study compared practicing counselors who are licensed and not licensed on four aspects of empowerment: collective identity, propensity to act, self-concept, and overall empowerment. Results revealed that nonlicensed counselors scored significantly higher on collective identity, propensity to act, and overall empowerment. (Contains 24…

Examined differences between more and less effective trainee psychotherapists. Found less effective therapists had lower levels of empathic understanding, rated patients as more involved in treatment, and rated themselves as more supportive than did more effective therapists. Less effective therapists valued comfort and stimulation significantly…

Asserts that identifying and analyzing major concepts in counseling is essential if high quality, therapeutic relationships are to be fostered within the discipline. Illustrates one method of concept analysis. Analyzes concept of empathy, recognized as a key to quality counseling and an absolutely essential element in therapeutic relationships.…