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Nippold, Marilyn A.; Hegel, Susan L.; Sohlberg, McKay Moore; Schwarz, Ilsa E. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 1999
Students, ages 12, 15, 18, and 23 (n=60 per group), wrote definitions for 16 abstract nouns. Responses were analyzed for Aristotelian style. There was an increasing tendency for students to mention the appropriate category to which a word belongs, core features of the word, and subtle aspects of meaning. (DB)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Adolescents, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation
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Choi, Soonja – Journal of Child Language, 2000
Investigates structural and pragmatic aspects of caregiver input in English and Korean that relate to the early development of nouns and verbs. Twenty mothers in each language were asked to interact with their children in two contexts: Book-reading and toy-play. Data suggest that systematic comparisons of caregiver input within and across…
Descriptors: Caregiver Speech, Child Language, Comparative Analysis, English
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Ostberg, Per; Fernaeus, Sven-Erik; Hellstrom, Ake; Bogdanovic, Nenad; Wahlund, Lars Olof – Brain and Language, 2005
We assessed verb fluency vs. noun and letter-based fluency in 199 subjects referred for cognitive complaints including Subjective Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. ANCOVAs and factor analyses identified verb, noun, and letter-based fluency as distinct tasks. Verb fluency performance in Mild Cognitive…
Descriptors: Verbs, Nouns, Alzheimers Disease, Language Impairments
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Taler, Vanessa; Chertkow, Howard; Saumier, Daniel – Brain and Cognition, 2005
Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects, healthy elderly, and young adults interpreted a series of novel noun-noun expressions composed of familiar object words. Subjects interpreted each item by selecting one of three possible definitions: a definition in which the referents of each noun were associated together in a particular context (e.g., rabbit…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Semantics, Definitions, Young Adults
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Williams, John N.; Lovatt, Peter – Language Learning, 2005
Our research reflects the current trend to relate individual differences in second language learning to underlying cognitive processes e.g., Robinson, 2002. We believe that such investigations, apart from being of practical importance, can also shed light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the language learning process. Here we focus on the…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Prior Learning, Memory, Learning Processes
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Grela, Bernard; Snyder, William; Hiramatsu, Kazuko – Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 2005
This study examined ten children with specific language impairment (SLI), 16 normally developing children, and ten adults for the production of novel root compounds. The participants were asked to invent names for pictures of 24 pairs of contrasting, novel objects. For half of the pictures, the context supported a grammatical novel root compound,…
Descriptors: Grammar, Language Impairments, Pictorial Stimuli, Children
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Bornstein, Marc H.; Cote, Linda R.; Maital, Sharone; Painter, Kathleen; Park, Sung-Yun; Pascual, Liliana; Pecheux,Marie-Germaine; Ruel, Josette; Venuti, Paola; Vyt, Andre – Child Development, 2004
The composition of young children's vocabularies in 7 contrasting linguistic communities was investigated. Mothers of 269 twenty-month-olds in Argentina, Belgium, France, Israel, Italy, the Republic of Korea, and the United States completed comparable vocabulary checklists for their children. In each language and vocabulary size grouping (except…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, North American English, Young Children, Nouns
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Lidz, Jeffrey; Waxman, Sandra – Cognition, 2004
Lidz, Waxman, and Freedman [Lidz, J., Waxman, S., & Freedman, J. (2003). What infants know about syntax but couldn't have learned: Evidence for syntactic structure at 18-months. "Cognition," 89, B65-B73.] argue that acquisition of the syntactic and semantic properties of anaphoric one in English relies on innate knowledge within the learner.…
Descriptors: Syntax, Semantics, Stimuli, Infants
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Correa, Leticia M. Sicuro; de A. Almeida, Diogo A.; Porto, Renata Sobrino – Brain and Language, 2004
This study aims at verifying whether Portuguese gender-inflected nouns and adjectives are represented as full forms as suggested by Spanish data (Dominguez, Cuetos, & Segui, 1999). A series of lexical decision experiments is reported. Grammatical gender, frequency dominance, and grammatical category are manipulated and cumulative frequency is…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Form Classes (Languages), Grammar, Portuguese
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Scheutz, Matthias J.; Eberhard, Kathleen M. – Cognitive Science, 2004
A central issue in bilingual research concerns the extent to which linguistic representations in the two languages are processed independently of each other. This paper reports the results of an empirical study and a model stimulation, which provide evidence for the interactive view, which holds that processing is not independent. Specifically, a…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Syntax, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism
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Vigliocco, Gabriella; Vinson, David P.; Paganelli, Federica; Dworzynski, Katharina – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2005
In 4 experiments, the authors addressed the mechanisms by which grammatical gender (in Italian and German) may come to affect meaning. In Experiments 1 (similarity judgments) and 2 (semantic substitution errors), the authors found Italian gender effects for animals but not for artifacts; Experiment 3 revealed no comparable effects in German. These…
Descriptors: Semantics, Grammar, Nouns, German
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Emmorey, Karen; Falgier, Brenda – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2004
We report the results of an experiment investigating the ramifications of using space to express coreference in American Sign Language (ASL). Nominals in ASL can be associated with locations in signing space, and pronouns are directed toward those locations to convey coreference. A probe recognition technique was used to investigate the case of…
Descriptors: Sentences, Nouns, Deafness, American Sign Language
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Slabakova, Roumyana – Second Language Research, 2006
The study investigates the relationship between input, UG (Universal Grammar) parameter values, and the native language in the acquisition of a purely semantic property that is superficially unrelated to its syntactic trigger, The Bare Noun/Proper Name parameter (Longobardi, 1991; 1994; 1996; 2001; 2005). On the one hand, English and Italian bare…
Descriptors: Semantics, Word Order, Nouns, Native Speakers
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Verhoeven, Ludo; Schreuder, Rob; Baayen, R. Harald – Learning and Instruction, 2006
Besides phonotactic principles, orthographies entail graphotactic rules for which the reader must convert a phonological representation on the basis of spelling adaptation rules. In the present study, the learnability of such rules will be investigated with reference to Dutch. Although Dutch orthography can be considered highly regular, there are…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Spelling, Written Language, Indo European Languages
Stanley-Thorne, Carol – 1995
An analysis of noun classes in Tikar, a Benue-Congo language spoken in west central Cameroon, looks at patterns in the noun class system, concord system (possessives, demonstratives, demonstrative adjectives, demonstrative pronouns, third-person pronouns, relative pronouns, copula, adjectivals, and numerals) with an eye to determining whether…
Descriptors: African Languages, Bantu Languages, Foreign Countries, Form Classes (Languages)
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