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Hall, Clare – British Journal of Music Education, 2005
This article derives from a research project investigating the singing behaviour of a group of Australian boys in their first year of school. The project showed that the genesis of the "missing male" trend in singing at school may be occurring in early childhood. The impact of hegemonic masculinity in early childhood is explored here by…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Males, Singing, Child Behavior
Whitley, Bernard E., Jr. – 1981
Research on the relationship between sex-role orientation and psychological well-being has been guided by one of three models. The congruence model holds that psychological well-being will be fostered only when one's sex-role orientation is congruent with one's gender; the androgyny model proposes that well-being will be maximized when one's…
Descriptors: Androgyny, Congruence (Psychology), Masculinity, Measures (Individuals)
Hyman, Ruth Bernstein – 1980
There still remains in our social institutions and individual lives a considerable splitting between feminine and masculine gender distinctions. The present study determined the dimensionality of the space of 53 admirable personality traits hypothesized to relate to femininity-masculinity and creativity, and assessed preferences of females versus…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Androgyny, Creativity, Females

Humphreys, Lloyd G. – Intelligence, 1978
In studies of the relationship between masculinity-femininity and intelligence, data should be analyzed using correlational analysis for the complete distribution, rather than analysis of variance of extreme groups. The earlier work of Baucom and Welsh (EJ 171 822) was used as illustration. (BW)
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, Correlation, Femininity, Higher Education

Baucom, Donald H.; Welsh, George S. – Intelligence, 1978
Humphreys' criticisms (TM 503 269) of the work of Welsh and Baucom (EJ 171 822) are inappropriate since his findings are based upon a different measure of masculinity-femininity and a population which is somewhat different. Also, his insistence on correlational analysis to the exclusion of extreme group design is viewed as inappropriately…
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, Correlation, Femininity, Higher Education

Ryan, Gerry; And Others – Sex Roles, 1987
Presents findings about sex roles in 171 male and 180 female university students in Ireland who were examined by the Bem Sex Role Inventory, and discusses the validity of this test. The distribution of subjects on sex-role types showed a larger percentage of androgynous males and undifferentiated females in the Irish sample than in American…
Descriptors: College Students, Females, Femininity, Foreign Countries

Roberts, Carl W.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1987
Examines the development of feminine and masculine patterns of sexual identity in boyhood and the relation between these patterns and later sexual orientation. (Author/RWB)
Descriptors: Children, Elementary School Students, Family Influence, Fathers

Gaa, John P.; And Others – Journal of Educational Equity and Leadership, 1986
Reports findings of three studies designed to examine patterns of masculinity and femininity in males and females separately both within and across three ethnic groups: Anglo, Black, and Chicano. The first two studies looked at identity patterns in adolescents, whereas the third examined the same patterns in elementary school students. (KH)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Blacks, Cultural Differences, Elementary Secondary Education

Marsh, Herbert W. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1985
This study examines the factor structure of response to the masculinity-femininity (MF) scale of the Comrey Personality Scales for males and females. The use of confirmatory factor analysis for testing hierarchical factor structures and factorial invariance is illustrated. The findings argue that MF is a multifaceted, hierarchical construct.…
Descriptors: Cluster Analysis, Factor Analysis, Factor Structure, Females
Skelton, Christine – 2001
This book explores where masculinity is in primary schools. It has been argued by some commentators that a contributory factor to boys' underachievement is the predominance of women teachers in primary schools which has led to classroom management and teaching styles that favor girls. As this book shows, primary schools produce a range of…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Females, Feminist Criticism, Foreign Countries

Bell, Nancy J. – Child Development, 1981
Reactions of 82 elementary school teachers and 107 college students were obtained to a tape of a child's voice labeled male or female, exhibiting stereotypically masculine or feminine verbal behavior. (Author/CM)
Descriptors: Adults, Ambiguity, College Students, Elementary School Teachers

Small, Arnold C.; And Others – Journal of Personality Assessment, 1979
The Bem Sex-Role Inventory and Heilbrun Masculinity and Femininity Scales were compared. Correlations between the masculine and feminine scales of both instruments were significant for males but not for females. Misclassification into sex role categories occurred primarily in those categories in which personality characteristics overlap. (MH)
Descriptors: Androgyny, Classification, Comparative Testing, Femininity

Obeidallah, Dawn A.; And Others – Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 1996
Differences in depressive symptoms were explored as a function of young girls' adolescent gender role orientations and sex typing in their parents' marital roles. Results with 89 seventh- and eighth-grade girls show less depression among girls rating themselves as more masculine and their parents' marriage as more egalitarian. (SLD)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Depression (Psychology), Females, Junior High School Students

McAninch, Cecile B.; And Others – Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 1996
Whether traditional gender-role stereotypes still pervade children's judgments of peers was studied with 173 middle-class children aged 7 to 12. Results indicate that performance judgments of a girl who behaves in a stereotypically masculine fashion are positive, but that personality ratings are more negative. (SLD)
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Females

Klingenspor, Barbara – Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 2002
Explored the link between development of bulimic eating behavior and suppression of masculine traits in adolescence. German high school students completed a sex role inventory. Among girls, higher risk of developing bulimia appeared to be caused by increasing discrepancies between actual and ideal self-concept on masculine-typed personality…
Descriptors: Bulimia, Eating Habits, Femininity, Foreign Countries