To compare the effect of remedial reading instruction over time on reading error patterns of at risk readers further classified as "learning disabled" (LD) with non-LD failing readers, a study examined 60 randomly selected children from a population of low achieving first graders in urban, suburban, and rural elementary schools…

The theme for this focused journal issue is reading in the content areas. Articles discuss the following topics: (1) teaching reading strategies instead of skills; (2) teaching reading in elementary content areas; (3) metacognition and mapping; (4) a summer school program designed to appeal to poorly motivated junior high school students who are…

The reading and writing behavior of seven mildly mentally retarded and 12 moderately retarded adolescents was analyzed. Data were collected in the classroom on 11 language tasks, including drawing, forming letters and numbers, and performing general print production. Ss were also asked to answer historical/experiential questions and…

A study was conducted to describe the characteristics and effects of the verbal feedback offered by teachers to student miscues occurring during group oral reading instruction. Analyses were also made of the ways in which teachers varied feedback between students at different ability levels. The subjects were eight second grade teachers and their…

A self-instructional program for use by teachers of the handicapped, this training manual was developed to teach accurate coding with the Oral Reading Observation System (OROS)an observation system designed to code teacher-pupil verbal interaction during oral reading instruction. The body of the manual is organized to correspond to the nine…

Researchers tested 136 third through sixth graders with the reading subtests of the "Iowa Test of Basic Skills," reading tests constructed from appropriate graded reading materials, and an oral cloze test constructed from a short story whose language resembled the oral language of the children. They computed correlations (within each grade level)…

The oral reading miscue patterns of 26 normal students in grades one, two, and three were compared with those of 26 educable mentally retarded students from primary, intermediate, and junior high school classes. Intelligence quotients ranged from 94 to 137 for the normal students and from 50 to 80 for the retarded students. During the testing…

The study surveyed 80 young adults (50 male, 30 female) referred through I.E.P.A. (Individualized Educational Program for Adults) for students with learning problems who wish to acquire preemployment skills and/or to improve their vocational status by upgrading their educational level. The pre- and postassessment was conducted in the areas of word…

THE THREE LEVELS NECESSARY FOR SKILL IN CRITICAL READING ARE (1) LITERAL MEANING, (2) INTERPRETATION, AND (3) ASSIMILATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INTEGRATION. TO RENDER JUDGMENTS AND EVALUATIONS OF VARIOUS READINGS, THE CRITICAL READER MUST DETERMINE THE WORTH, VALIDITY, AND QUALITY OF THE TEXT. HE TRIES TO MAINTAIN OBJECTIVITY, ATTEMPTS TO FIND THE…

MATERIALS FOR THE NEBRASKA ELEMENTARY ENGLISH CURRICULUM INCLUDE AN ANCILLARY POETRY MANUAL FOR GRADES ONE THROUGH SIX. ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO INCREASING THE CHILD'S PLEASURE IN POETRY, BROADENING HIS KNOWLEDGE OF POETRY, AND HELPING HIM TO EXPRESS HIMSELF MORE CREATIVELY. CHILDREN ARE ENCOURAGED FIRST TO ENJOY THE READING OF POEMS AND THEN TO…

The reading achievement of 376 second graders and the performances in oral reading and creative writing of 150 randomly selected subjects taught by three different methods were studied. All three approaches (basal reader, modified linguistic, and linguistic) were effective for reading instruction at the second-grade level. The largest differences…

This study explores the effect of information focus on the size of the unit decoded by a reader. Sixty students chosen at random from average reading groups in fourth, fifth, and sixth grade levels were studied. Each subject read orally 36 thematic sentence frames presented in random order. Each frame contained a point at which the visual display…

This study is partly based on Bloomfield's early commentary on primary, secondary and tertiary responses to language. The author maintains that despite prodigious evidence to the contrary, "there are still too many teachers who either do not listen or cannot listen to and accommodate in their schemes even objective straightforward information…

This comprehensive informal reading inventory was based on the Harper and Row Basic Reading Program. It includes four major sections: a reading attitude inventory, a phonics inventory, a word recognition checklist, and an oral and silent reading inventory. The reading attitude measure is a list of 25 questions to be read silently and answered with…

The relationship between oral reading ability and the use of structure (function) words was examined in a dissertation study which hypothesized that the use of structure words in verbal discourse would be greater in children who have no difficulty in oral reading than in children who experience difficulty. Structure words were identified as those…