Parents play an important role in the development of young people's smoking behavior, through the modeling effects of their own smoking status, through the ways they raise their children and through the ways they deal with smoking at home. The present study focused on anti-smoking socialization by, first, comparing the perspectives of both parents…

The rise in the numbers of social orphans in Russia is due to a number of causes, such as the drastic decline in the standard of living of the larger portion of the population, the lack of a clear and well-thought-out program of support for mothers and children, the decline in the value of the family and family relations, and so on. The…

In this article, I examine the implications of additive and subtractive conceptions for the education of English language learner (ELL) students. To understand how competing theories regarding the education of ELL students materialize into action, I examine select findings from one district's implementation of Proposition 227. Focusing on the…

Although student populations of public schools are becoming increasingly diverse, the teacher population has remained relatively homogeneous, and many teachers do not have sufficient knowledge of or experience with other cultural groups to deal with differences in the classroom. Gay men and lesbians comprise one such cultural group. A survey of 42…

A study investigated the attitudes of bilingual (BL) and monolingual (ML) students at an urban high school with a large bilingual education program. The attitudes investigated included: (1) BL attitudes toward Americans; (2) how BLs think they are perceived by Americans; (3) ML attitudes toward BLs; (4) changes in BLs' attitudes toward Americans…

Vitkus and Horowitz (1987) found that lonely people demonstrated adequate social behavior when they were assigned to controlling interpersonal roles. Despite this successful performance, they evaluated themselves and their behavior negatively. Study 1 replicated these findings and extended them to naturalistic interactions. In a hypothetical…

Causes and prevention of the decline of professional competencies acquired in American institutions of higher education by foreign-trained, Third World scholars and professionals and soon lost upon their return to their home countries are addressed. The context of this problem is described for three countries that were selected as examples:…

The attitudes and expectations of five cooperating teacher-student teacher dyads toward students in two predominantly Mexican American schools were investigated. Data were obtained from participant journals, interviews, conferences, and classroom observations. This paper presents profiles of the dyads, with summaries of teachers' attitudes and…

This guide is designed to replace the ignorance, misinformation, and negative stereotypes that many students hold about the Soviet Union and its peoples with a reasoned and rational outlook based on critical thinking and class activities. The introduction to these activities provides background and a rationale for teaching about the Soviet Union.…

Political organization is an alternative to the so-called inevitability of losing one's rural school or one's small community; People United for Rural Education (P.U.R.E.), organized to promote the survival of rural schools and the concept of rural as a credible way of life, has been an effective political organization. The reversal of urban…

The political and emotional issues surrounding the busing of children for purposes of school integration have caused us to focus on the methods of desegegation rather than on the goal of equal and quality education. Busing to integrate began after the 1954 Brown decision. Since that time, unwilling school superintendents and administrators have…

Presenting highlights of several projects, this paper reports on research which assessed the total reaction of a community to a busing program. The program is analyzed as an educational innovation rather than as a school integration method. The plan involved transporting volunteer Negro children in overcrowded schools to white underutilized…

National surveys conducted by the Institute for Social Research indicate that there has been a steady decline in the last decade in the proportion of white people who see themselves as living in an all white world. Along with the change in perceptions, the traditional white pattern of white attitudes toward blacks also exhibits change, with young…

This report describes an experimental study designed to manipulate and test cross-cultural similarities and differences in interpersonal perception despite the increasingly cosmopolitan nature of people from all cultures, greater frequency of social, business, educational and governmental contact among people from different countries, and the…

Students and faculty at the University of Arizona College of Medicine found the three-year medical program to be an unsatisfactory educational experience due to excessive intensity of classroom work, insufficient vacation time, and inadequate time to teach basic science. Measures of student performance showed no differences between three- and…