This document contains prepared statements and witness testimony from the Congressional hearing on the pretrial detention of juveniles. The opening statement of Senator Arlen Specter, subcommittee chairman, is presented, focusing on the concerns arising from the Supreme Court decision in the case of Schall versus Martin (New York) which supports…

Recent panel studies of deterrence have reported little evidence that perceptions of legal sanctions promote deterrence. Yet those studies have consistently found that extralegal sanctions "inhibit" criminal involvement. Conclusions drawn from this line of research remain speculative, however, because they are guided by an unnecessarily…

The park administrator's responsibility in providing security for park visitors through prevention strategies and law enforcement is discussed. Types of negligence are indicated, practice recommendations are made, and evaluative criteria for personnel selection and training are offered. Reference is made to the General Accounting Office Report and…

Outlines the important role that schools have in teaching students ethical considerations in computer use. Describes how the Cupertino Union School District developed a computer curriculum that includes ethics as a major component. Includes computer listings of crime definitions and a computer ethics policy. (MD)

Discusses the nature of modern office automation, microcomputer access controls that can be activated to improve security (passwords, error lockout, palm geometry, automatic shutoff, time lock, call back), data communications controls (cryptographic transmission of data, scramblers, dial-back-devices), and management practices that may be…

Describes the impact of the Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) program, designed to identify criminal offenders with drug problems and refer them for treatment. Despite an increase in size and changes in client characteristics, the influx of TASC-referred drug abusers did not decrease program effectiveness. (JAC)

A totally secure computer system does not exist. Unauthorized people with the necessary knowledge, equipment, and incentive can tamper with a school's computer system. Software, organizations, books, and precautions to help protect systems are discussed. (DCS)

Publications, which can be anything from a one-page flier to a brochure to a poster or a book, can be relatively easy to create but very effective for helping to fight crime. This bulletin considers how publications can contribute to crime prevention; what it takes to start a publication; what are some of the challenges in creating a publication;…

This guide enumerates 10 principles for fighting hate: (1) act; (2) unite; (3) support the victims; (4) do your homework; (5) create an alternative; (6) speak up; (7) lobby leaders; (8) look long range; (9) teach tolerance; and (10) dig deeper. The guide also presents a collection of inspiring stories of people who acted, often alone at first, to…

This guide provides basic guidelines to help schools, in collaboration with law enforcement agencies, analyze their vulnerability to violence, theft, and vandalism, and suggest possible technologies to effectively address these problems. It describes existing commercially available technologies and urges thoughtful consideration of not only the…

Describes how growing acceptance of security measures such as access-control cards, video surveillance, and biometric devices is allowing colleges to protect students and their belongings more effectively. (EV)

Challenges leading crime theories by arguing that it is not possible to fully distinguish between different crime theories by focusing on the effect of their independent variables. Argues that such crime theories are best distinguished in terms of their specification of crime motives. Such motives may be positive or negative. Discusses these…

Examines the life of Rae Carruth, honored as an Arthur Ashe Sports Scholar, but later charged with first-degree murder, as an example of the higher propensity for violence by athletes. Notes development of intervention programs to teach athletes nonviolent ways to solve problems, but also notes a lack of commitment by coaches and teams to solving…

Discusses new concerns about fraud and academic misrepresentation in the context of new technological capabilities. Presents basic concepts and examples of fraud, then considers consequences and student risk assessment, and the role of decentralized services. Suggests five action steps, including improved training for individuals likely to review…

Examines high-benefit lighting for educational facilities to reduce crime and increase safety. How costs can be affected by different lighting choices is highlighted. (GR)