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Durre, Ingeborg K.; Durre, Imke – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 1999
Describes an eight-dot computer Braille notation, COBRA, with integrated mathematical and scientific notation that achieves immediate print-Braille compatibility through one-to-one representation of letters and other characters. Text can be entered from the Braille or the Qwerty Keyboard and can be viewed simultaneously on the Braille display and…
Descriptors: Blindness, Braille, Computer Uses in Education, Computers

Steinman, Bernard A.; Kimbrough, B. T.; Johnson, Franklin; LeJeune, B. J. – RE:view: Rehabilitation Education for Blindness and Visual Impairment, 2004
The enormously complex and sometimes controversial project to unify the traditional literary Braille code used in English-speaking countries with the technical and mathematical codes authorized by the Braille Authority of North America (BANA) and the Braille Authority of the United Kingdom (BAUK) proposes to change English Grade Two Braille on a…
Descriptors: Braille, Language Planning, Reading Rate, Reading Fluency
Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, 2010
The Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, per Section 162.1136 RSMo, conducts an annual study of the educational status of eligible blind/visually impaired students and reports the findings to the Missouri Legislature on December 1st each year. The information contained in this report pertains to the twelve data elements…
Descriptors: Blindness, Visual Impairments, Literacy, Special Education
Gerber, Elaine; Smith, Brooke C. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2006
Focus-group research conducted on Unified English Braille highlights the diversity of views about the desirability of the new code and its proposed changes. Many features seen by students as positive were the same features deemed undesirable by other students. In general, teachers were more amenable to the changes than were students. Nearly all…
Descriptors: Literacy, Focus Groups, Foreign Countries, Braille
Steinman, Bernard A.; LeJeune, B. J.; Kimbrough, B. T. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2006
This article compares the development of print and braille reading in children who are blind and sighted in relation to Chall's stage model of reading development. Chall's model includes a prereading period, in which concepts are developed; middle stages, in which skills that are necessary for decoding text are developed; and later stages, which…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Reading Achievement, Developmental Stages, Reading Processes
Barber, Mary A., Comp. – 1987
Based on information contained in producers' catalogs, this publication lists 20 reference books produced in braille, 18 sound recordings of reference works available on cassettes, and 7 reference books produced in large type. For each entry, bibliographic information is given for the print edition, followed by pertinent information about the…
Descriptors: Audiodisks, Audiotape Cassettes, Braille, Large Type Materials
Newman, Slater E.; And Others – 1988
Two experiments were conducted with 80 college students to examine factors associated with the crossmodal facilitation of learning Braille symbols when the visual modality is utilized. In Experiment 1 subjects using the haptic mode were informed of both the structure of the braille cell and the range of dot numerosity of the symbols to be…
Descriptors: Braille, Higher Education, Learning Processes, Learning Strategies
Stone, Charlotte V.; And Others – 1988
The paper reports on a study of Braille learning in which subjects (N=96) were provided with information about the structure of the Braille alphabet and expressly instructed to use that information during learning. A previous experiment had found that merely providing subjects with information about Braille alphabet structure had no effect on…
Descriptors: Advance Organizers, Alphabets, Blindness, Braille
Kederis, Cleves J.; Nolan, Carson Y. – 1972
A feasibility and planning study was conducted on braille code problems in five areas. The areas were textbook format, math and science, music notation, computer notation, and maps, charts, and diagrams. Problems in each of the areas were identified and defined by committees of experts. The problems were analysed and a determination was made of…
Descriptors: Blindness, Braille, Demonstration Programs, Exceptional Child Research

Berla, Edward P.; Butterfield, Lawrence H., Jr. – Journal of Special Education, 1977
Two experiments with a total of 92 elementary grade blind students were conducted to determine the effects of training blind students in shape recognition accuracy and speed and accuracy of locating shapes on a tactile map by using a distinctive features analysis strategy and line tracing. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Blindness, Braille, Elementary Education, Instructional Materials

Martin, Clessen J.; Bassin, Carolyn B. – Journal of Special Education, 1977
Descriptors: Blindness, Braille, Exceptional Child Research, Reading Rate

Miller, Diane D. – Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 1985
Based on experiences with her own blind child, the author offers suggestions to other parents and teachers on activities to do with young visually impaired children that will help promote early developmental learning in braille reading. Also included are implications for design and production of appropriate preschool books and materials. (Author)
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Blindness, Braille, Parent Child Relationship

Goldberg, A. M.; And Others – Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 1987
Evaluation results are presented for five braille printers. The evaluation is based on extensive testing and data derived from a panel of 37 braille readers who considered noise level, identification/labeling and buttons, audio indicators, setting parameters, braille quality, documentation, and manufacturer's comments. (CB)
Descriptors: Assistive Devices (for Disabled), Blindness, Braille, Comparative Analysis

Newman, S. E.; Hall, A. D. – Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 1988
Seventy-two sighted college students who studied the braille or Fishburne alphabet for eight minutes were tested for recall. More Fishburne than braille items were recalled, independent of item arrangement. Results suggest that visually impaired persons might use the Fishburne system for labelling personal objects or when braille learning is too…
Descriptors: Braille, Higher Education, Learning Processes, Retention (Psychology)

Sowell, V.; Sledge, A. – Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 1986
The miscues of 22 blind braille readers ages 6-21 were analyzed using Goodman's Reading Miscue Inventory, and compared to those reported for sighted readers. Results revealed greater similarities than differences. For example, print and braille readers had approximately the same proportion of miscues in substitutions, omissions, and insertions.…
Descriptors: Blindness, Braille, Decoding (Reading), Elementary Secondary Education