This article examines the learning experiences of engineering students of both genders in a problem-based and project-organized learning environment (PBL) at a Danish university. This study relates an amalgam of theories on learning and gender to the context of engineering education. Based on data from a qualitative study of an electrical and…

This study investigated the roles of coping and masculinity in higher rates of depressive symptoms among adolescent girls, as compared to boys. A model was designed and tested through path analysis, which involved the variables of sex, gender, problem-focused coping, rumination, and distraction. The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale and the Bem…

While recent research has examined some qualities that are related to marital adjustment, none has examined personal development variables that might be expected to significantly relate to marital adjustment and to gender-role self-concept. A study was conducted to examine relationships among gender-role self-concepts, personal development, and…

To examine relationships between masculinity-femininity, presence of same or opposite sex sibling, and accuracy of cross-sex role-taking, 92 male and female undergraduates classified the 20 items comprising Smith's Masculinity-Femininity Scale according the sex-role characteristics. (Author)

This bibliography on men, masculinity, sex roles, and androgyny summarizes much of the literature in the social sciences on these issues. The 221 sources are separated into several categories including: (1) men and masculinity; (2) counseling men; (3) self-help resources for men and interventions used in men's groups; (4) popular books on men and…

Black men face certain problems related to institutional racism and environments which often do not prepare them well for the fulfillment of masculine roles. In addition to problems created by discrimination, they encounter negative stereotyping, which holds that they are socially castrated, insecure in their male identity, and lacking in positive…

Female and male respondents (N=300) completed a questionnaire by listing characteristics people expected a masculine man, a feminine woman, a feminine man, and a masculine woman to have. Results supported the hypothesis that the stereotypes for femininity and masculinity are dimorphous. (Author)

Male and female college students described themselves and their ideal male and female with regard to sex-typed characteristics. Females described an androgynous model for themselves and their ideals. Males described an androgynous model for their self-portrayals but sex-typed portrayals for their ideals. (CMG)

Two studies investigated the influence of sex-role identification on the expectations of female college students (N=66) regarding marriage and divorce, and among divorced women (N=32) on their reasons for divorce. Among college students, masculinity was related to more positive expectations. For divorcees, the more masculine women adjusted more…

Explores stereotypic thinking in relation to sex differences in personality. The 14 scales of Edwards Personality Inventory IA administered to 398 college student judges predict answer most men (women) would give. Results discussed. (Author/EK)

Sex-typed and androgynous males were assigned to a masculinity threat, masculinity validation, or control treatment group. Sex-typed males responded anxiously to sex-role threat and reported exaggerated levels of masculinity and antisocial behavior. Androgynous males reported anxiety but responded by lowering their levels of masculine endorsement.…

Students completed three sex-role instruments and two measures of self-esteem. In every case masculinity showed significant positive correlations with self-esteem in both sexes, whereas the correlations with femininity were generally nil or slightly negative. (Author)

Occupations (N=60) were rated for degree of masculinity and femininity on rating scales: bipolar, unipolar and percent of each sex in an occupation scale. Concluded that, since personality inventory measures of masculinity and femininity are not unidimensional, rating scale approaches to measuring masculinity and femininity may give misleading…

Sex role identity and self-esteem were examined in a cross sectional sample. Both men and women displayed peak masculinity scores in the middle years of adulthood. Psychologically "androgynous" individuals displayed the highest levels of self-esteem. Masculinity was a better predictor of self-esteem than was femininity. (Author)

Examines actual and expected male roles in the household and the consequences of household involvement after retirement. As androgynous behavior increases and facilitates adjustment, household involvement by males may assist in their adaptation. Spouses may experience role strain if the division of labor is not negotiated in retirement.…