This document provides a framework for better understanding of the knowledge and skills essential to a state level position within special education. It was developed with an eye on essential skills and knowledge for carrying out the general supervision/leadership requirements of the state education agency (SEA) specifically as it related to…

Teacher self-improvement is a concept that can be used as part of a school's program for professional development and teacher evaluation. Methods for helping teachers evaluate their own performances, for obtaining feedback from students and colleagues, for designing self-improvement programs, and for monitoring progress are described. (PP)

Examined the validity of Stoltenberg and Delworth's (1987) Integrated Developmental Model of group supervision in a sample of 25 advanced psychotherapy practicum trainees in clinical and counseling psychology. Found longitudinal supervisee gains in self-rated self-other awareness and independence over the course of an advanced practicum year.…

By keeping accurate records, student teacher supervisors can present concrete evidence about physical education student teachers' classroom performance. The article describes various ways to collect objective data, including running records, at-task records, verbal flow records, class traffic records, interaction analysis records, and global scan…

Changing services, technologies, organization, and ownership and access policies in academic libraries will bring new management and leadership techniques. Reviews literature examining change, management creativity, learning organizations, Total Quality Management, technological advancement, internationalization of higher education and global…

Questionnaires were mailed to public school counselors to examine the latter's state of supervision. Although 63% of counselors desired supervision, only 20% were being supervised. This lack of involvement by counselors may indicate confusion in an evolving profession as well as the profession's ambivalent feelings toward supervision. (RJM)

Examines perceptions of 80 teacher interns and their supervising teachers for interrelationships between job satisfaction, job performance, and role clarity. Data show that interns' self-assessed performance mediates relationship between role clarity and job satisfaction. Emphasizes role of self-assessment scales and job restructuring to improve…

A survey of University of California central administrators sought views on five key aspects of performance appraisal: (1) communication and feedback; (2) work objectives; (3) job duties; (4) communication with supervisors; and (5) effectiveness of communication, training, and rewards. (Author/MSE)

In contextual supervision (an adaptation of situational leadership), supervising teachers synchronize their leadership style to the teacher-intern's level of skill development. Application of the method with 15 Native student teachers helped the supervisor to identify contextual factors enhancing or impeding student-teacher progress, and…

Twenty-nine graduate students training to become speech-language service supervisors were provided with 35 hours of lecture, role-playing, and simulation concerning supervisor/supervisee conferencing skills. Pre/post measures of conferencing skills indicated that the trainees modified their conference behaviors and achieved grade-contingent preset…

Reports 126 interns' ratings of 31 existing and ideal clinical supervision behaviors before and after 4-month internship, to determine satisfaction with cooperating teacher supervision. Training and frequent practice in clinical supervision rated most ideal supervisory behaviors. Audio, video recording rated lowest. Recommends observational method…

In contextual supervision (CS) (an adaptation of situational leadership), the student teacher's (supervisee's) level of confidence and competence determines level of supervisory support and task orientation. CS also encourages a global view of all contextual variables. Observation of 49 untrained pairs of practicum students and cooperating…

Discusses the results of a recent Canadian study in which the perceptions of superintendents, principals, and teachers were analyzed and compared in order to determine the actual level of agreement between the practices for instructional supervision outlined in the school division's policy manual and the actual practice in the schools governed by…

When organizational leaders adhere to untested, self-generating beliefs, their ability to achieve desired results can be limited. Although leaders have traditionally been viewed as the bearers of all the answers and have been expected to make all organizational decisions, emerging views of leadership suggest that their role should be to encourage…

A residential group care facility serving abused children had encountered unprecedented changes both internally and in the community. These changes had been highly stressful for this agency, affecting the morale of those closest to the children, the Child/Youth Care Workers. To address these stressors, a strategy utilizing supportive,…