This discussion focuses on reading problems arising when bilingual children must learn two different scripts, and how the nature of the relationship between the two scripts may influence the child's ability to transfer and develop reading skills. First, models of normal and abnormal reading in English are described. The significance of these…

Three tables are provided to aid in the clinical interpretation of factor scores for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R; 1981). The factor structure of the WAIS-R has proven to be robust across samples, tests, time, statistical analyses, measurement scales, and distortions of the distribution. Information necessary to make…

Results of the West Virginia State-County Testing Program from 1982 to 1985 are summarized. The test battery includes the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills (CTBS); the Cognitive Abilities Test (CAT), a test of scholastic ability; and the West Virginia Student Questionnaire, which includes school subjects interest ratings, educational plans, and…

This study describes the convergent, divergent, and factorial validity of a German C-Test in two parallel versions for German pupils in the fifth grade. The study investigated (1) the correlation between the C-Tests and the school grades in German, grammar, and English and with other language tests (convergent validity); (2) the correlation…

This publication consists of the proceedings of a workshop on the social, cultural, and economic experiences of Blacks. The workshops' goals were to intensify the interest of social workers in the Black experience; to examine the values which have an impact on services to Black people; to increase the knowledge of social workers about Blacks; and…

Cognitive and achievement levels were analyzed for 192 students (grades 1-12) served in generic special education resource rooms in a Texas community, using cognitive and achievement test data, service delivery information, and demographic data. Grade levels of the subjects were used as a constant in the data analysis. Among reported findings were…

A study was conducted at Cuyahoga Community College to test the relationship between student scores on timed and untimed reading comprehension and vocabulary tests, and to investigate the relationship between those scores and intelligence. The study sample included 72 students enrolled in classes at developmental, freshman, and sophomore levels.…

The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) is purported to be less culturally biased than other, traditional measures of intellectual ability. The present study was designed to investigate three specific research questions: (1) Are there overall performance differences between Native American and non-Native American children on the WISC-R…

The Goldstein-Scheerer Tests of Abstract and Concrete Thinking are reviewed. This evaluative summary supplements several reviews in the Mental Measurements Yearbook series. The Goldstein-Scheerer tests are used by clinicians and researchers to distinguish normal individuals (those able to engage in two qualitatively different levels of cognitive…

Several common assumptions about human intelligence are challenged in this paper. The "bucket" theory of intelligence describes intelligence as a stable psychological characteristic which affects learning, and which, when accurately measured, predicts an individual's learning capacity. The authors reject the idea that people who have…

Educators find themselves in the position of being ordered to classify pupils for remedial and compensatory programs at the same time that some of their classifying practices are being challenged both in educational research and in court. School classifications are largely the function of testing. The task for educators is to understand the state…

This study seeks evidence for the validity of the concept of egocentrism in children. Three standard egocentrism tests are intercorrelated to determine the degree to which they appear to be measuring a single construct (convergent validity); whether the three tasks intercorrelate more than they do with a theoretically unrelated task (discriminant…

It is often the case that intelligence tests do not measure what they purport to measure, although it is commonly assumed that every test with a different name is a test of different skills, and that tests with the same name test the same skills. Spearman attempted to study the relationship between tests that supposedly measured different mental…

This is a talk by child psychologist and therapist Lois Barclay Murphy, given at City College, New York, in 1980. The address reviews Ms. Murphy's contributions to child psychology and her study of children's coping strategies. The speech briefly outlines other developments in psychological and sociological study since the 1930s, including the use…

Commentary and advice in four legal areas are offered in this newsletter on educational law. First, the document outlines preventive legal review for public educators in four basic steps, including anticipation of legal challenges, evaluation of the challenges' legal merits, consideration of the policy issues raised by potential challenges, and…