Substance use represents a significant global health challenge that many countries lack the capacity to adequately address. While research has identified effective substance use practices and policies, utilization of this knowledge remains weak. Technology transfer is a process designed to accelerate the use of evidence in real-world settings. International Technology Transfer Centers (ITTCs) are university-based programs with the goal of building and enhancing their countries' capacities to implement scientifically based and culturally appropriate substance use prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. ITTCs have formed a Network to collaborate across the world, but because an arrangement like this has never existed, it is unclear how collaboration among ITTCs will be successfully realized. Research in the internationalization of higher education and interorganizational collaboration provide some insights but such research is not specific to the unique context of the ITTCs. This study builds a foundation for collaborative ITTC efforts by answering the question: What are the qualitatively different ways that members of the ITTC Network experience collaboration? Eleven ITTC directors were interviewed for the study. Interview questions, based on the collaboration success factors framework and the three cultures model, were spread across two consecutive rounds of interviews. Due to the international nature of the study, multiple opportunities for member-checking and data confirmation were employed to enhance the quality of the research. Framework analysis supported the examination of the data, leading to the emergence of four themes that explain how ITTC directors experience collaboration: (1) definitions of collaboration; (2) collaboration merits, motivations, and challenges; (3) collaboration success and strategies to achieve it; and (4) the culture context of collaboration. The study findings help to address gaps in the existing literature and identify areas requiring further research. Furthermore, the findings provide useful insights into practical policies and procedures that the ITTCs could implement to improve and optimize their collaborative efforts. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]