Students' misbehaviors at younger ages can lead to more significant issues at the high school level such as dropping out, drug and alcohol abuse, and incarceration. The purpose of this study was to examine high school students' perceptions of positive reinforcement and punishment practices in their high school's behavior system. Two specific research questions were answered through this study: (1) To what degree are high school students' behaviors influenced by their schools' positive reinforcement and punishment practices? And, (2) How do gender, Grade Point Average, and Office Discipline Referral data influence high school students' perceptions of positive reinforcement and punishment practices? The study was conducted in a small, rural, Mid-western high school, grades 9-12. The 110 participants were 55.4% male, 44.5% female, and 95% White, 5% students of color. The results indicated that positive reinforcement is more effective in influencing the behavior of high school students. The study also indicated that females, students who reported a GPA of 2.9 or less, and students who had not received an ODR, responded more favorable to positive reinforcement than their counterparts. This study contributes to the body of research already conducted on PBIS, specifically at the high school level. The study provides evidence that high school students do respond favorably to positive reinforcement strategies, and that high school teachers and leaders should consider student perspectives in implementing positive reinforcement strategies into classroom and school-wide efforts. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]