True citizenship education is impossible unless students develop the habit of intelligently evaluating cultures. Abraham Maslow's theory of self-actualization, a theory of innate human needs and of human motivation, is a nonethnocentric tool which can be used by teachers and students to help them understand other cultures. (SR)

Submits that the interrelationship between dialect and identity is crucial to the strategy of teaching standard English, with particular reference to West Indian youth education. Further argues that ESL and ESD techniques differ on the psychological level, the latter requiring above all an enhancement of the learner's confidence in his culture.…

Describes a study of the effects of an international educational exchange program in Great Britain upon the cultural awareness and ethnocentricity of American university students. Findings from questionnaires and taped seminars showed that students became more aware of European politics, economics, and culture and became less culturally and…

A comparison of White and Chinese American therapists showed that both groups agreed in their conceptions of normalcy; White therapists were more accurate in predicting self-descriptive responses of White clients than Chinese clients; and they differed significantly when rating the degree of disturbance of the same client. (Author/MK)

Discusses attitudes of educators toward immigrant children since the mid 19th century. Concludes that prejudice and ethnocentrism in American schools and society have now been replaced by the ideal of cultural pluralism. (ST)

Discusses the productiveness of international comparison of student achievement and of international measures of educational achievement. (Author/IRT)

Argues that the universalist perspective of mainstream social psychology, which holds that the biases of European Americans are replicated for African Americans and other minorities, reflects mainstream North American thinking. Mainstream psychologists may generalize their own experiences fallaciously. Only by acknowledging sociohistorical…

Discusses issues of ethnocentricity that arise during the process of translation, the concepts of foreignizing and domesticating, editorial intervention in translated works, the proper cultural role of the translator, the Narcissistic Concept as it pertains to translation, American attitudes towards other cultures, and other related topics. (CK)

The growing body of work in the field of mental illness and racism has encouraged clinical counselors in the U.K. to describe, prescribe, develop and publish their work more widely. Outlines some recent developments against the background of political and social changes in Britain. (JPS)

Finds the commentaries of U.S. critics on the works of Chinua Achebe and other African writers ethnocentric, misinformed, and devoid of cogent analysis. Advocates a microscopic sociocultural contextualization of the works, emphasizing the nuances, history, and specifications of the African milieu. Discusses Achebe's special place in reading lists…

Urges that history be based on sound historical scholarship. Suggests that the most important key to good history is provided by well-trained history teachers who understand the dynamic nature of historical inquiry and help students develop a critical perspective of the past. Recognizes that women and minorities have been significant actors in…

Discusses teaching sociology with the concept of ritual. Explains that students write descriptions of a family ritual that may be discussed and compared in class. Suggests that studying ritual in everyday life may reduce ethnocentrism in viewing those of other cultures and can be a tool to support the importance of the family. (DK)

Provides an initial statement of generic principles deemed effective for addressing protracted social conflicts between identity groups. These principles are compatible with certain values for societal organization and approaches to social change, raising questions of value differences between intervenors and the host culture(s). Three case…

Focuses on the role of splitting and projective identification as active dynamics in the development and maintenance of cultural and racial prejudice. Illustrates ways in which attention to splitting and projective identification in the group setting can decrease prejudice and promote community building. (Author)

This paper addresses the question of how can teachers promote an interreligious dialogue at a "grassroots" level. The document suggests teaching about another religion, such as Buddhism, as a belief system while deepening the students' understanding of their own religious traditions. After expressing concerns that the issues may be too complex and…