A cost-effectiveness study in the teaching of foreign languages would, if implemented, aim to determine the results of cost-effectiveness by the introduction of new aims, methods, and equipment; to estimate the efficacy of existing resources; and to examine any other means by which productivity per student-cost could be improved. The following…

This article reviews the historical development of applied linguistics in foreign language instruction. Five major principles influencing early applied linguistic theory are summarized, emphasizing the oral nature of language. Central to the article are discussions of: (1) prescriptive or normative grammar, (2) transformational grammar, (3)…

This book reports on the Soviet Union's general, secondary, polytechnical schools which have been established recently to teach students to use one foreign language with fluency or near fluency. The author first discusses the long-range and immediate objectives of these special schools. Marxist-Leninist theory and its influence on contemporary…

The 11 papers in this collection deal with problems and ideas in teaching the teacher of English. The first three--by Charlton Laird, Oscar A. Bouise, and Sheila Schwartz--are concerned with the character and development of a "good teacher of literature," with giving him an adequate background in literature, and with the nature and training of the…

Communicative competence can be defined as the ability to function in a truly communicative setting, that is, in a dynamic exchange in which linguistic competence must adapt itself to the total informational input, both linguistic and paralinguistic, of one or more interlocutors. The research described in this book focuses on the development of…

This curriculum bulletin contains articles relevant to problems in bilingual education for American Indians. The first section includes articles presenting a broad view of past and present activities in bilingual education for American Indians and Eskimos. The history of language instruction in American Indian schools and of bilingual education in…

This document presents ideas on various topics in teaching English as a second language. Some of the problems of English orthography and semantics are illustrated. The role of contrastive analysis is mentioned with Spanish-English illustrations. A list of second-language-acquisition principles and techniques is provided, and suggestions for…

This volume, one in a series in applied linguistics, is a concise handbook of testing theory and practice in foreign language instruction. Two broad categories, "prognosis" and the "evaluation of attainment," are treated in five major chapters, including: (1) prognostic measurement, (2) achievement measurement, (3) proficiency measurement, (4)…

One major view concerning what an orthography should be conforms to Pike's idea that a practical orthography should be phonemic, that is, that there should be a one-to-one correspondence between each phoneme and the symbolization of that phoneme. An alternative view, that of Chomsky and Halle, proposes that the fundamental principle of orthography…

This paper describes and examines an experimental and innovative program at the Center for the Teaching of Foreign Languages at the National Autonomous University of Mexico to provide teacher education courses by means of distance learning. This program was undertaken in response to a scarcity of qualified language teachers. It is aimed at…

Papers on the role of language in the work environment include: "Institutions, Writing and Talk in Environmental Discourse" (Greg Myers); "Negotiating Training: Shifting Participant Frameworks in the Workplace" (Kristina Bennert); "Relational Management in Chinese-British Business Meetings" (Helen Spencer-Oatey,…

Studies the writing achievement of 28 11-year olds attending an urban Newcastle upon Tyne (England) school and their ability to conform to standard English writing conventions. Finds the influence of a nonstandard dialect (Tyneside) to be minor. Observes writing difficulties are frequently related to mastering the writing system itself rather than…

Five papers in diverse areas of linguistics in education are presented. "Second Language Learning through Interaction: Multiple Perspectives" (Teresa Pica) looks at the variety of theoretical approaches to interaction in second language learning, and how an interactionist perspective lends weight to a number of theories.…

A selection of papers from the 1987 meeting of the applied linguistics association includes the following: "Applied Linguistics in Society" (John Trim); "European Developments in Applied Linguistics" (Theo van Els); "Translation and Interpretation: Retrospect and Prospect" (Peter Newmark); "Clinical Linguistics:…

The journal of linguistics of the University of Neuchatel (Switzerland) contains information on the programs and faculty and articles in French (F) and English (E). They include: "From Behavioral Psychology to Sociolinguistics: Ten Years of Linguistics Applied to Language Teaching at Neuchatel" (F); "Intonation and Syntax:…