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Rodriguez, Alina; Waldenstrom, Ulla – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: Environmental risk during fetal development for non-right-handedness, an index of brain asymmetry, and its relevance for child mental health is not fully understood. Methods: A Swedish population-based prospective pregnancy-offspring cohort was followed-up when children were five years old (N = 1714). Prenatal environmental risk…
Descriptors: Handedness, Prenatal Influences, Foreign Countries, Young Children
Kurtz, Patricia F.; Chin, Michelle D.; Rush, Karena S.; Dixon, Dennis R. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2008
A large body of literature exists describing the harmful effects of prenatal drug exposure on infant and child development. However, there is a paucity of research examining strategies to ameliorate sequelae such as externalizing behavior problems. In the present study, functional analysis procedures were used to assess challenging behavior…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Prenatal Influences
Kissel, Bonnie J. – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Globally, approximately 208 million people aged 15 and older used illicit drugs at least once in the last 12 months; 2 billion consumed alcohol and tobacco consumption affected 25% (World Drug Report, 2008). In the United States, 20.1 million (8.0%) people aged 12 and older were illicit drug users, 129 million (51.6%) abused alcohol and 70.9…
Descriptors: Caring, Substance Abuse, Mothers, Smoking
Altink, Marieke E.; Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro; Franke, Barbara; Slaats-Willemse, Dorine I. E.; Buschgens, Cathelijne J. M.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J.; Fliers, Ellen A.; Anney, Richard; Brookes, Keeley-Joanne; Chen, Wai; Gill, Michael; Mulligan, Aisling; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Thompson, Margaret; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip; Buitelaar, Jan K. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: The dopamine receptor D4 ("DRD4") 7-repeat allele and maternal smoking during pregnancy are both considered as risk factors in the aetiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few studies have been conducted on their interactive effects in causing ADHD. The purpose of this study is to examine the gene by…
Descriptors: Siblings, Smoking, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Pregnancy
National Scientific Council on the Developing Child, 2007
"Science Briefs" summarize the findings and implications of a recent study in basic science or clinical research. This Brief reports on the study "Perinatal Exposure to a Noncoplanar Bichlorinated Biphenol Alters Tonotopy, Receptive Fields and Plasticity in the Auditory Cortex" (T. Kenet; R. C. Froemke; C. E. Schreiner; I. N. Pessah; and M. M.…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Environmental Influences, Pollution, Hazardous Materials
Hyter, Yvette D.; Way, Ineke – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2007
This epilogue summarizes the six articles presented in the clinical forum focused on understanding children who have been affected by maltreatment and prenatal alcohol exposure. It presents common themes that emerged among the articles and future research directions.
Descriptors: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Prenatal Influences, Prenatal Care, Child Abuse
Bono, Katherine E.; Sheinberg, Nurit – Early Child Development and Care, 2009
This study examined the moderating effect of low birth weight on the effectiveness of an early intervention program to improve cognitive, language and behavioral outcomes for children prenatally exposed to cocaine. Participants included 293 primarily minority, low SES children who were enrolled in the intervention during their first year and…
Descriptors: Body Weight, Early Intervention, Prosocial Behavior, Cocaine
Dixon, Dennis R.; Kurtz, Patricia F.; Chin, Michelle D. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2008
A review of the existing literature on the occurrence of challenging behavior among children with prenatal drug exposure was conducted. While a large number of studies were identified that evaluated various outcomes of prenatal drug exposure, only 37 were found that directly evaluated challenging behaviors. Of the 37 studies, 23 focused on…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Child Behavior, At Risk Persons, Prenatal Influences
Fast, Diane K.; Conry, Julianne – Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2009
The life-long neurological impairments found in people with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), including learning disabilities, impulsivity, hyperactivity, social ineptness, and poor judgment, can increase susceptibility to victimization and involvement in the criminal justice system (CJS). Individuals with FASDs become involved in the CJS…
Descriptors: Antisocial Behavior, Neurological Impairments, Learning Disabilities, Family Environment
Lickliter, Robert; Bahrick, Lorraine E.; Markham, Rebecca G. – Developmental Science, 2006
We assessed whether exposure to amodal properties in bimodal stimulation (e.g. rhythm, rate, duration) could educate attention to amodal properties in subsequent unimodal stimulation during prenatal development. Bobwhite quail embryos were exposed to an individual bobwhite maternal call under several experimental and control conditions during the…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Control Groups, Stimulation, Attention
Millsom, Carol A. – Educ Leadership, 1970
Children who are the victims of pregnancy complications often experience difficulty in the classroom. (CK)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Learning Problems, Prenatal Influences

Gillberg, Christopher; Gillberg, I. Carina – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1983
Twenty-five autistic children were compared with 25 controls for number of factors identified as optimal in the pre-, peri-, and neonatal period, as noted in medical records. Autistic Ss showed greatly reduced optimality, especially with regard to prenatal factors, in contrast with other reports denying brain injury in autism. (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Autism, Etiology, Perinatal Influences, Prenatal Influences

Smotherman, William P.; Robinson, Scott R. – Developmental Psychology, 1996
Summarizes research on the development of behavior before birth, focusing on studies where fetuses were exposed to stimuli that mimic features of the neonatal environment, such as milk and an artificial nipple. Notes that these stimuli reliably evoke responses from fetal subjects, including behavior such as the stretch response and the oral…
Descriptors: Behavior Development, Biomedicine, Prenatal Influences, Stimuli
Niccols, Alison – Brain and Cognition, 2007
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is currently recognized as the most common known cause of mental retardation, affecting from 1 to 7 per 1000 live-born infants. Individuals with FAS suffer from changes in brain structure, cognitive impairments, and behavior problems. Researchers investigating neuropsychological functioning have identified deficits in…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Mental Retardation, Hyperactivity, Brain
Epstein, Beth; Grant, Therese; Schiff, Melissa; Kasehagen, Laurin – Journal of Rural Health, 2009
Context: Identifying how maternal residential location affects late initiation of prenatal care is important for policy planning and allocation of resources for intervention. Purpose: To determine how rural residence and other social and demographic characteristics affect late initiation of prenatal care, and how residence status is associated…
Descriptors: Prenatal Care, Place of Residence, Smoking, Females