This paper uses Vygotsky's cultural-historical development theory to examine the theoretical lineages that influenced Marsick and Watkins' (1990) model of informal and incidental learning. After discussing the context of each influence, the paper applies cultural-historical development theory to the many updates that Marsick, Watkins, and…

Jean Piaget, whose work continues to be very influential in early childhood education, associated young children's animism with their 'primitive thought' claiming children remain animists until they reach a more advanced and rational stage of development. This article proposes a rethinking of the Piagetian view of animism, suggesting instead that…

Conspiracy beliefs have been studied mostly through cross-sectional designs. We conducted a five-wave longitudinal study (N = 376; two waves before and three waves after the 2020 American presidential elections) to examine if the election results influenced specific conspiracy beliefs and conspiracy mentality, and whether effects differ between…

Multiple measures, such as multiple content domains or multiple types of performance, are used in various testing programs to classify examinees for screening or selection. Despite the popular usages of multiple measures, there is little research on classification consistency and accuracy of multiple measures. Accordingly, this study introduces an…

This article describes a two-credit critical service-learning course at the University of Minnesota and its evolution to utilize both the Social Change Model and Social Action, Leadership, and Transformation models in complementary ways to support student leadership development.

The current study proposed several variants of simple-structure multidimensional item response theory equating procedures. Four distinct sets of data were used to demonstrate feasibility of proposed equating methods for two different equating designs: a random groups design and a common-item nonequivalent groups design. Findings indicated some…

Students need "critical data literacy" skills to help make sense of the multitude of information available to them, especially as it relates to high-stakes issues of social justice. The authors describe two curriculum modules they developed--one on income equality, one on immigration--that help students learn to analyze data in order to…

Businesses generate employment and are recognised as catalysts for the economy. A person who creates and manages a business is an entrepreneur and in a continually changing and complex environment, people capable of creative and innovative thinking will tend to become more entrepreneurial. Running a business successfully requires skills and…

Professional development (PD) is a key catalyst for supporting educators' growth and development in education, yet evidence of PD's impact in enacting sustained change over time remains challenging to understand. In the United States context, racial inequities plague all aspects of society and are maintained by the education system. Teachers are…

Educational resistance is, here, examined in two of its possible inflections. First, as resistance to educational imposition. Second, as a form of resistance which might itself be educational. Jean-François Lyotard's reflections on 'anamnesic resistance' are developed in the context of educational thought, and then read up against proposals for…

Of all possible future directions for analytic philosophy of education, few are as overdue as thoroughly confronting the legacy of colonialism and the postcolonial moment. Rightly credited with establishing the credibility and standing of philosophy of education, by 1980, analytic philosophy of education was the dominant though not unchallenged…

This theoretical article critically reflects on critical whiteness studies (CWS), particularly addressing the critique that CWS does not have racial theory and therefore cannot be considered a theoretical framework in which to analyse race. Reflecting on existing literature that interrogates whiteness in teacher education; we contend that to…

Professional development of vocational teachers is perceived as an integral part of their professional activity. A lot of research has been conducted which has examined and evaluated the forms and strategies used to enhance vocational teachers' professional development, its performance and effectiveness in different contexts, mostly by applying…

The author describes an assignment in an undergraduate game theory course in which students work together in class to develop a computer algorithm to identify Nash equilibria. This assignment builds basic computer science skills while applying game theory knowledge to real-world situations. Students work as a team to delineate the steps and write…

What roles should the teacher play in a classroom reliant on self-directed learning (SDL)? When teachers give students the freedom and responsibility to take charge of their own learning, teachers obviously lose any role that directs student learning, such as telling the student what to work on, dictating the materials to be used, transmitting…