In May 1990, the Ministry of National Education announced its Education Renewal Strategy (ERS) for education in South Africa to seek short- and medium-term managerial solutions for some of the nation's most pressing educational needs. This ERS advances five major policy recommendations for a future education model: (1) race should not be a factor…

The five essays in this book criticize the "deadening heart" of compulsory state schooling, described as a series of assumptions and structures that stamp out the self-knowledge, curiosity, concentration and solitude essential to learning--a system wherein education and schooling are mutually exclusive terms. The book argues that between schooling…

Based on data from all 50 states, this feasibility study recommends that kindergarten attendance be mandated for children in Indiana starting in 1993. It further recommends that: (1) school corporations be funded for full-day kindergarten on the same basis as other grade levels, with a full day of reimbursement for full-day kindergarten children…

Under Allied influence following World War II, the Japanese educational system was reorganized on a 6-3-3 basis, with the first 9 years compulsory. The lower secondary curriculum established in 1947 included many compulsory subjects--Japanese, Social Studies, Mathematics, Science, Music, Drawing and Fine Arts, Physical Education, and Vocational…

While the law governing the definition of educational adequacy is still evolving, partial definitions can be gleaned from various state and federal laws and regulations prescribing standards for schools and from judicial interpretations of constitutional and statutory provisions. This document presents the results of such an analysis. After…

The results of a survey of all state and territorial statutes relating to private education are displayed in 65 tables that include excerpts from statutes and citations. Because compulsory education laws provide the basis for most state regulation of private education, the survey also reveals basic requirements for children in public schools. The…

Data obtained from a province-wide survey of compulsory physical education programs in Alberta, Canada, is presented (1) describing current parent and student perceptions of required physical education, (2) identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the program as it exists, (3) assessing areas of expressed or implied concerns, and (4) making…

Drawing from interviews with key-informants in planning and policy-making institutions at central and local levels, reports on 1985 education reform programs. Highlights some of the most drastic aspects of the reform and discusses specific issues in basic education, technical/vocational education, and higher education. Notes variety and…

Many Americans assume children's publicly funded education begins with kindergarten. To the contrary, kindergarten is not mandated in all states. Moreover, most kindergarten programs implemented in the public education system are half-day; full-day kindergarten is far less frequent. Access to kindergarten is highly dependent on state, school…

Analyzing legislation pertaining to state involvement in religious education and sectarian influences on public education, the author presents evidence that the judiciary is becoming more lenient in allowing state aid to parochial schools and religious activities in public schools. (SK)

Despite the success of Japan's educational system in terms of academic achievement, a closer examination reveals a rigid system that discourages student expression and creativity, stresses conformity, ignores differences in student abilities, and supports an intensively competitive entrance system for high school and college. Discusses negative…

Discusses the history of school psychology, emphasizing the work of L. Witmer (1897, 1907, 1910, 1922) and G. S. Hall (1911, 1923). Providing psychological services in the schools is among the earliest instances of applied psychology. School psychology was one of many child-saving services originating from 1890 to 1920. (SLD)

This paper details major and significant developments in the teaching of English to pupils aged 5-16 years in the school system in England, the years of compulsory education. To begin with definitions of terms. There are four aspects of language education provision that pertain in England: (1) the teaching of English as the mother tongue; (2) the…

A number of educational changes and problems in Europe and North America are covered in this six-chapter report. The introduction profiles present trends in all countries, including declining birth rates, economic stagnation, decreased enthusiasm for educational research and development, and more active community involvement in schooling. It notes…

A tension exists between the goals of social education and the nature of the compulsory school system. Compulsory education was established late in the 19th century as a response to the trend toward an urban industrial society. The industrial world required workers who were punctual, attentive, and quiet; thus, compulsory education was seen as a…