This study aimed to juxtapose the impacts of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology implemented within a three-dimensional (3D) virtual environment against PBL in a conventional face-to-face setting, along with a control group, on students' learning performance, conceptual comprehension, and spatial aptitude. The investigation concentrated…

In this study, structural equation modeling was used to examine the effect of gifted students' attitudes toward reading on their reading habits and writing tendencies. The study group for this research, in which the correlational survey model was used, was formed with the convenience sampling method. The study was conducted with 134 gifted…

This study aimed to explore if there was a significant difference in student performance in ELA and Math in middle school grades six through eight, pre- and post-COVID-19. This study aimed to identify student performance deficiencies in grades six through eight relating to gender, socioeconomic status, and race. The significance of this study is…

This qualitative study explored teachers' perceptions of barriers to parental involvement in a Title 1 middle school. The researcher collected data through interviews wherein participants responded to open-ended questions. The data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis (QCA). The results include input from seven general education…

This paper focuses on data from a study of middle- to upper-middle class Scottish S2 ([approximately]seventh grade) students who participated in Inspiring Purpose, a school-based character development program, during the 2016 to 2017 school year. Directed by their teachers, participating youth reflected on values and future aspirations and…

Students struggling with reading in secondary school are between "learning to read" and "reading to learn." Struggling readers require metacognitive and cognitive reading skills to tackle the complexities of reading. Combining the research of worked-examples and think-aloud shaped the instructional intervention in this study.…

This study examined differences in middle school English Language Arts (ELA) proficiency between pre-pandemic (2019) and post-pandemic (2022) assessments to understand the COVID-19 impact on learning, particularly among vulnerable groups. Grounded in adaptive leadership theory, the research focused on free and reduced-price lunch (FRL) and English…

Tangible programming tools have become a mainstream teaching aid in gamification programming learning (GPL) due to their interactivity and ability to enhance novice learners' computational thinking and spatial reasoning skills. However, comparing the relative efficacy of different programming tools that simultaneously support these skills was not…

Educational online games and educational videos are classroom methods that incorporate multimedia into language teaching. Previous studies have suggested that the use of online games and educational videos in language learning enhances student performance. However, no studies have been done using three different groups to examine whether online…

In school mathematics, representations of solid figures and three-dimensional geometric objects generally rely on two-dimensional projective representation modes on students' textbooks. In learning environments, these representation modes create a kind of cognitive filter, which prevents students with low spatial ability to comprehend and envision…

The purpose of this study is to examine how proportional reasoning is introduced and developed in two widely used U.S. and Korean mathematics textbooks for grades 6-7. Seven research-based frameworks that identify student learning opportunities for understanding of proportional reasoning were used to analyze the textbooks. The results showed that…

This study aimed to define the concepts and learning objectives related to the polygons sub-learning area of the 7th - grade mathematics course as ontology-based and to develop a measurement tool based on this ontology within the framework of competency ontology. In this study, we determined and included the learning objectives in the ontology…

Readability formulae have been used to predict text difficulty, but their construction has been challenged. Previous readability formula designers typically adopted correct responses to reading comprehension questions (RCQs) as dependent variables, but they did not assess the effect of linguistic predictors concerning RCQs in the formula. Thus,…

Inquiring learning characteristics are desirable learning behaviors that could lead to achievement in science education. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of integrated 5E's of inquiring-based learning and game-based learning management on grade 7 students inquiring learning characteristics. The study was conducted in…

This quantitative study used an existing dataset with responses from 1,848 public middle school students' opinions on the benefits of wearing a school uniform. Efforts in favor of and against school uniforms are noted, and the analyses used to examine demographic variables (i.e., gender, grade-level, and race/ethnicity) reveals that students in…