Studies report contradictory finding on the hypothesis of an inverse relationship between work satisfaction and retirement attitude. Some suggest this inverse relationship occurs only where work acts as a key organizing factor for the workers. Data testing these hypotheses were analyzed from a study of employed males age 50 and older (N=1,922).…

Two recreational activities, deer hunting and goose hunting, both similar in form, are compared. It was hypothesized that the activity for which participants rated the process, the goal, and the social interaction as most important to the experience and for which participants showed the strongest family ties and social support for participation…

The microeconomic theory relating to utility and cost is applied to the "risk," and the possible "payoff" relative to relationships with others. A good measure of utility is the need or want-satisfying power of an alternative. For the analysis of interpersonal relationships, the needs delineated by Maslow (i.e. food, shelter, belongingness, love,…

The definition of self-concept used here is "the person's view of himself," which is bound to the person's transactions with significant others in his environment. The two sources of data about the self-concept are the subject and the observer, each with his own biases. In inventories and checklists, Ss are limited to the statement given them. In…

The nature of the relationship of various aspects of the modernization process to deferred/immediate goal gratification among rural Baganda living in Uganda is examined. (NQ)

The author contends that to be human is to have deep needs for contact, to become aware of these needs and to seek to have them satisfied in self and in others in appropriate ways. Counseling is a process in which contact can be established and these needs satisfied. (Author/CG)

Tested two hypotheses derived from Korman's consistency model of work behavior using a sample of administrators (N=112). As predicted, those with high self-esteem experienced significantly greater need gratification. Self-esteem also significantly and positively moderated the relationship between need gratification and work satisfaction.…

College students (N=60), divided into three matched groups, received subliminal stimulation. The main dependent variable was the final examination grade. Results indicated that both experimental groups earned significantly higher grades than the control group and that the stimulation of oneness fantasies has an adaptation-enhancing effect on…

Drawing from management models of several researchers in behavioral sciences, conclusions about how to motivate employees are presented. Some insight into the factors affecting motivation and managerial action to improve staff motivation are discussed. (Author/MLW)

A 1980 teacher satisfaction study involving 1,295 secondary teachers in 23 Iowa high schools of 1,000 or more reveals that: higher level teacher needs are unfulfilled; these needs are not gender related; teachers aged 25 to 34 years are least happy; and those teaching higher level ability students are most satisfied. (NEC)

Results support the moderating role of employee higher order need strength (HONS). Job performance is positively related to intrinsic as well as extrinsic sources of job satisfaction for strong HONS individuals while no such relation is found for individuals with weak HONS. (Author)

Reviews the needs assessment studies described in this journal issue. Concludes that (1) lessons from completed needs assessments can help continuing education practitioners plan and conduct future studies, and (2) a rational, need-reduction, decision-making approach can improve continuing education programs. (CT)

The author critiques Janov's theoretical assumptions and therapeutic methods and contrasts primal therapy to his own direct body contact psychotherapy. (SJL)

A causal model of organizational commitment was developed from previous theory and research. The model included variables from each of four categories--personal needs, job characteristics, role states, and work experiences--as well as employees' job satisfaction and mental health. It was tested in surveys of nonprofessional and professional…

Proposes a needs-based taxonomy of leisure activities. Study participants (n=3,771) indicated the extent to which leisure activities met different psychological needs. Results support theories that leisure experiences affect individuals' physical and mental health. Provides a taxonomy of 12 leisure activity clusters so as to allow greater…