The aim of this research is to examine the relationships between optimism, perceived social support and hope. The dependent variable of this research is optimism and its independent variables are perceived social support and hope. The study group consists of 435 teacher candidates, as 331 females (76.1%) and 104 males (23.9%). In the research, the…

Studies on youth participation tend to characterize youth as either active and trustful or as passive and alienated. This cross-national and longitudinal study examines patterns of citizenship orientations characterized by both manifest and latent involvement differentiated by one's position toward institutional politics (trustful or distrustful)…

The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate the funding equitably across community college districts in Michigan. Pursuant to this investigation, the disproportionate effect that community college funding has on underserved populations was examined. This research utilized a quantitative approach, including descriptive statistics,…

Previous research has demonstrated a positive and long-running effect of mother-child interaction on numerous areas of child development. Yet, most of what is currently known derives from research on children in Western countries. Employing data from recent Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) on women (ages 15-49), this study examined…

This report presents data on students in the United States in kindergarten through grade 12 in a physical or virtual school or are homeschooled for equivalent grades. The focus of the report is on parent and family involvement in the students' education during the 2022-2023 school year, as reported by the students' parents or guardians. It…

This report provides a summary of the full "First Look" report, which presents data on students in the United States in kindergarten through grade 12 in a physical or virtual school or are homeschooled for equivalent grades. The focus of the report is on parent and family involvement in the students' education during the 2022-2023 school…

The theme of the Equity Indicators for 2024 is confronting the realities and exploring feasible solutions related to the paradoxical and unequal higher education system. As the figure shows, higher education in the United States is increasingly the major agent of overcoming poverty and of attaining upward mobility toward the so-called…

Early years policy in England is at a turning point. There has perhaps never been more political attention on the sector, with growing sentiment from parents that existing provision does not serve their needs. This briefing lays out existing evidence for the benefits of early education, including inequalities in access to existing entitlements,…

While the tuition fee system has had a large amount of political and media attention in the last two decades, far less attention has been paid to the student maintenance system -- the amount of funding students have access to for day to day living expenses. But for many students, this funding is of more immediate importance, and can have a major…

Families of autistic children from underserved populations participate in support services at lower rates than other families. To better understand possible reasons for this inequity, we reviewed qualitative studies examining parent-reported barriers and facilitators to accessing and participating in support services. A systematic search…

Because sequential patterns of multiple transition events (i.e., college graduation, full-time employment, marriage, and parenthood) are associated with turning points in depressive symptom trajectories during young adulthood, the present study used a sample of 446 White adolescents (52.3% females; 15.58 years old, on average) over 18 years (1992…

This study aimed to examine the effects of parents' home and school-based involvement, parental satisfaction with their own school experience and their teens' academic success, the frequency of communication from school; participants' and their teens' gender; parents' educational status; and family income on the academic success of adolescents. A…

Differences in socioeconomic status have long been one of the major contributing factors to household educational investment, which is also a key concern in related research. Utilizing Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) datasets from 2003 to 2004, in this study we examine family investment in children's education in southeast China and Taiwan,…

This study explores the influence of kindergarten care on the social and cognitive development of Saudi Arabian and international students in early childhood education in Saudi Arabia. A mixed-methods approach assessed the development of 302 children, aged between 5 years and 11 months to 7 years, and their mothers in Saudi Arabia's Eastern…

It is widely agreed that attitudes about mathematics play an important role in students' performance, choice, and persistence in STEM. Motivational theories posit this link and suggest that differences in these attitudes should explain in part why female, Black, Hispanic, low-income, and first-generation students are underrepresented in STEM…