Superhero play among preschool children appears to be quite different from socio-dramatic play. While exhibiting characteristics of socio-dramatic play, superhero play does not facilitate the development of social or verbal skills. Observations of television programs indicated that superhero play provides little opportunity for verbal reasoning,…

Efforts related to rural development, observed in central Africa, focus on the physical with little concern for social and psychological change. Highly funded programs, including those sponsored by the United States, are providing roads, markets, schools, public buildings, etc., and the lifestyles of the native population reflect these…

The art of effective management is addressed, along with motivational factors that affect the way in which employees respond to management. To meet challenges for better production, organizational systems are taking into account the development of individual employees. Since human behavior must be fully understood to develop human resources, "new…

This issue discusses the problems that frequently accompany involuntary job loss. The types of problems experienced by dislocated workers are discussed under these categories: emotional, family, financial, physical health, job skill obsolescence, and lack of basic academic skills. The report also presents approaches that were taken by four…

Children with high self-esteem tend to do better in school. Studies indicate, however, that self-esteem is not a cause of academic success, but an effect. In this review of five recent research studies on the subject of self-esteem, one example of a successful program aimed at raising students' self-esteem is offered by Scarborough school system…

Although social psychology has always had an interest in helping behavior, only recently has the full complexity of helping relations begun to be researched. Help seeking and receiving in the educational setting raise many issues regarding the use and effectiveness of the help itself. Central to all helping relations is the seeking/receiving…

Thirteen papers were selected from presentations made at a 1985 multidisciplinary conference on programing for adolescents with behavior disorders. The following papers are included: "Adolescent Needs and Behavior in the Schools: Current and Historical Perspectives" (S. Braaten); "Programs for Adolescents: What Works and Why?" (J. Lipsitz);…

Job-related perceptions of medical technologists who had graduated from Illinois State University from 1972 through 1979 were surveyed. Of the 228 mailed questionnaires, 170 were returned. The questionnaire included items in which respondents judged the degree to which self-actualization characteristics were present in their jobs. An additional…

To understand how computer conferencing can be used to meld communication and education among remotely located high-level professions, an ongoing exploratory study started to collect data from participants in an advanced adult education course conducted primarily via computer-mediated communication in the area of top level management. The…

The growing incidence of teacher burnout suggests that many teachers have difficulty in satisfying their needs and in deriving satisfaction from teaching. This study examined the needs that teachers appear to have difficulty in satisfying. The study is based on Herzberg's Hygiene-Motivation Theory. This theory, related to Maslow's Hierarchy of…

This paper presents a problem-focused needs assessment process for use by student affairs personnel. A comprehen- sive perspective of the needs assessment process is recommended, which views needs assessment as a necessary step in program planning, implementation and debriefing. Five types of needs assessment are identified and explained: (1)…

This study of 469 elementary and secondary classroom teachers examined the relationships among role conflict, role ambiguity, and teacher burnout. Three phases of burnout were examined: feelings of emotional exhaustion, negative attitudes toward students, and feelings of lack of accomplishment. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the…

The centrality of self-perceptions in the dynamics of human relationships and personality is a well-documented empirical fact. Feelings of personal happiness and psychological adjustment were studied in relation to self-perceptions of individual worth in the interpersonal marketplace. Male and female single college students between 17 and 30 years…

Current economic and political problems and the unclear nature of human services delivery systems create problems for the application of an ecological perspective in planning services for children with emotional disturbances. During conservative periods, the ecological approach, which emphasizes the role of environment, is generally replaced by…

A working group on children's problems was convened in Moscow from November 30 to December 3, 1976 by the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe. The meeting was attended by 16 temporary advisors of Eastern and Western Europe and WHO headquarters. This report reflects the work of this group. The report considers all the…