The relationship between self-esteem, academic expectations, and ethnic group membership was studied in a New York City elementary school which had an approximately equal enrollment of Negro, white, and Spanish-background pupils. Subjects were 162 sixth-grade students who were tested with two projective tests and one specifically designed…

The research investigated political and psychological reactance among adolescents. Political reactance is interpreted to include feelings of political alienation and distrust. Psychological reactance is defined as behavior by an individual in response to reduction or threatened reduction of freedom. A model was created which expanded existing…

This article summarizes the scant existing research on the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on mothers and their babies during the peripartum period and describes a pilot research project within the Infant-Family Service (IFS) at the New York-Presbyterian Hospital, an outpatient mental health service for inner-city families with…

This review covers articles published during the recent two decades on attitudes toward the participation of individuals with disabilities in physical activity. Research literature has been retrieved and analyzed by content and quality, across research type categories (cross sectional vs. intervention) and members of the participation context…

This annotated bibliography is intended to serve as a resource for individuals providing career development services to blind and visually impaired persons. Included in the first section of the volume is a discussion of the career development intervention strategy model. The remaining chapters of the bibliography include descriptions of works…

Linguists and psychologists have disagreed concerning the development and nature of children's social perceptions of others on the basis of speech differences. The present study sought to determine in what ways 8- and 9-year olds from different socioeconomic backgrounds might react to dialect differences. Ninety-two randomly selected 8- and…

Text and accompanying exercises are provided in this two-part learning module that was designed to acquaint instructors with techniques for influencing student attitudes. Part I defines five attitudinal concepts, beginning with those which are most resistant to being changed and then discussing those which are less resistant to change: (1) beliefs…

This booklet contains selected background materials, biographical information, anecdotes, and statements documenting contributions made by blacks to American history. Objectives are to call attention to information about blacks which has been systematically excluded from United States history books and to help people understand the life, heritage,…

Social studies education is irrelevant to most students and will not be improved by either of the two most frequently suggested solutions: teacher accountability and inservice programs. A better way of improving social studies programs is to reform teacher education. Problems currently facing teacher training include indifference on the part of…

This paper explores the way educators are accountable for achieving success in early childhood education. The letters QRS stand for the goals educators should have. The first goal should be to develop a questioning, open attitude and an inquiring mind. The R's are respect for self and respect for others. Educators and our society have failed…

The activities of the first five years of New York City's Welfare Education Program are summarized. Operation Second Chance and Mothers at School, the two parts of WEP, provide 194 basic education classes, with a combined enrollment of 4,000. The program is intended to give welfare recipients the basic skills and self-confidence they need to…

This article reports the general findings of a survey study designed to extend knowledge about high school teacher attitudes toward the inclusion of students with disabilities in general education classrooms. Specifically, the study examined the extent to which high school teacher attitudes toward inclusion are affected by classroom experience…

This paper traces the ideology (assertions, theories, and aims) of public schooling from Plato through the first Prussian state school system under Bismarck, through Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill. It contends that public schooling contradicts and works to destroy the United States' libertarian traditions of freedom and self-rule. Though not…

Identified risk factors related to suicidal behavior in European American and African American adolescents. For males in both groups, risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior were found at individual, family, and extrafamilial levels of social ecology. For females, the same factors occurred for suicidal attempts but not suicidal thoughts.…

This paper considers the additional uses of CALL in the Endangered Language (EL) context. It briefly reviews ELs and reports on CALL for ELs in general. It then reviews the extra uses of CALL for ELs; these include changing negative attitudes towards the language, arousing interest in the language and contributing to language maintenance and…