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Kaminer, Yifrah; Goldberg, Pablo; Connor, Daniel F. – Substance Abuse, 2010
The majority of youth with substance use disorders (SUDs) manifest one or more co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Consequently, many of these youths are being prescribed with psychotropic medications. As prescribing rates continue to increase for early-onset psychiatric disorders, potential risk for substance of abuse-psychiatric medication…
Descriptors: Drug Therapy, Drug Abuse, Alcohol Abuse, Substance Abuse
Ghitza, Udi E.; Epstein, David H.; Schmittner, John; Vahabzadeh, Massoud; Lin, Jia-Ling; Preston, Kenzie L. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2008
Although treatment outcome in prize-based contingency management has been shown to depend on reinforcement schedule, the optimal schedule is still unknown. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial (Ghitza et al., 2007) to determine the effects of the probability of winning a prize (low vs. high) and…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Outcomes of Treatment, Contingency Management, Reinforcement
Lombas, Andres S.; Kearns, David N.; Weiss, Stanley J. – Learning and Motivation, 2008
The present experiment compared the effects of a food-based conditioned inhibitor on food seeking vs. cocaine seeking behavior. In two groups of rats, the A+/AB- Pavlovian conditioned inhibition procedure was used to create a conditioned inhibitor for food. Then, for one group of rats (Food-Food Group), a click stimulus was established as an…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Cocaine, Classical Conditioning, Animals
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2009
Preventing and treating inhalant use problems, as well as raising awareness about the dangers of inhalant use, are important ongoing goals of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Monitoring trends in inhalant use is vital to assessing policies intended to reduce inhalant use. This issue of "The NSDUH Report"…
Descriptors: Substance Abuse, Drug Abuse, Inhalants, Adolescents
Tolou-Shams, Marina; Feldstein Ewing, Sarah W. Tarantino, Nicholas; Brown, Larry K. – Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2010
Crack and cocaine use among adults has been associated with co-occurring psychiatric disorders as well as other drug use and unprotected sex. However, this issue is relatively unstudied in adolescents. This study collected data from 282 adolescents (mean age = 14.9 years) treated in intensive psychiatric treatment settings to understand the…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Drug Use, Adolescents
Fricks-Gleason, Ashley N.; Marshall, John F. – Learning & Memory, 2008
Contexts and discrete cues associated with drug-taking are often responsible for relapse among addicts. Animal models have shown that interference with the reconsolidation of drug-cue memories can reduce seeking of drugs or drug-paired stimuli. One such model is conditioned place preference (CPP) in which an animal is trained to associate a…
Descriptors: Animals, Cues, Cocaine, Autism
Ross, Virginia; DeJong, William – Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention, 2009
Of all drugs abused on college and university campuses, alcohol causes the greatest harm. Other drugs (the prevention field uses the term "other drugs" to distinguish them from alcohol, which also is a drug) also take a significant toll--diminishing the quality of campus life, undermining academic performance, compromising students' health and…
Descriptors: Drug Abuse, College Students, Student Behavior, Marijuana
Bryson, Lucy – Adults Learning, 2009
This article shares the story of Lucy Bryson, who was hooked on crack cocaine and heroin when she was 17, and was working the streets to fund her addiction. Her future looked bleak when she was imprisoned four years ago but a project that builds trust and responsibility in young people by teaching them to work with animals has transformed her…
Descriptors: Animals, Role Models, Females, Cocaine
Mathias, Ana Carolina R.; Vargens, Renata W.; Kessler, Felix H.; Cruz, Marcelo S. – International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 2009
There is a strong association between pathological gambling and substance abuse. The objective of this study is to identify the differences between substance abusers with and without gambling problems. A cross sectional study was conducted interviewing with Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), alcohol and drug…
Descriptors: Addictive Behavior, Severity (of Disability), Substance Abuse, Individual Differences
Grana, Rachel A.; Black, David; Sun, Ping; Rohrbach, Louise A.; Gunning, Melissa; Sussman, Steven – Journal of School Health, 2010
Background: The physical environment influences adolescent health behavior and personal development. This article examines the relationship between level of school disrepair and substance use among students attending regular high school (RHS) and alternative high school (AHS). Methods: Data were collected from students (N = 7058) participating in…
Descriptors: Individual Characteristics, Substance Abuse, High School Students, Smoking
Britton, Peter C.; Conner, Kenneth R. – Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 2010
There are limited prospective data on suicide attempts (SA) during the months following treatment for substance use disorders (SUD), a period of high risk. In an analysis of the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcomes Study, a longitudinal naturalistic multisite study of treated SUDs, variables associated with SA in the 12 months following SUD treatment…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Prevention, Drug Abuse, Suicide
Petry, Nancy M.; Weinstock, Jeremiah; Alessi, Sheila M.; Lewis, Marilyn W.; Dieckhaus, Kevin – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2010
Objective: Contingency management (CM) treatments are usually applied individually for drug abstinence, but CM can also be targeted toward health behaviors and implemented in groups. This study evaluated effects of a group-based CM intervention that focused on reinforcing health behaviors. Method: HIV-positive patients with cocaine or opioid use…
Descriptors: Substance Abuse, Health Activities, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Health Behavior
Lombas, Andres S.; Freeman, Kevin B.; Roma, Peter G.; Riley, Anthony L. – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2007
Separate groups of rats underwent an unbiased conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure involving alternate pairings of distinct environments with intravenous (IV) injections of cocaine (0.75 mg/kg) or saline immediately or 15 min after injection. A subsequent extinction phase consisted of exposure to both conditioning environments preceded by…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Drug Use, Conditioning, Animals
Crits-Christoph, Paul; Gallop, Robert; Temes, Christina M.; Woody, George; Ball, Samuel A.; Martino, Steve; Carroll, Kathleen M. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2009
Data from a community-based multicenter study of motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and counseling as usual (CAU) for outpatient substance users were used to examine questions about the role of the alliance in MET and CAU. Most (94%) of the sample met diagnostic criteria for abuse or dependence (primarily alcohol and/or cocaine). Sixteen…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Therapy, Motivation Techniques, Counseling Techniques
Miller, Roxanne Greitz – Science Scope, 2009
While most school districts utilize a drug abuse resistance curriculum, as science teachers, it is our responsibility to understand the science behind drug addiction in order to most effectively educate our students against drug abuse. In the last two decades, increases in scientific technology have permitted significant discoveries surrounding…
Descriptors: Substance Abuse, Drug Addiction, Science Teachers, Science Education