The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the context and process by which the Board adopted a policy, came to question that policy, and ultimately rescinded that policy, while maintaining legitimacy within its environment. In 1977, the Board of Directors of a large urban school district adopted a policy establishing successful…

This paper traces the development of input from the black community of Bradford, North Carolina, in the decision-making, administration, and resource allocation of the local school district. The approaches taken by blacks and by the traditional interests in the district to express their respective ideas during this development are analyzed and…

A set of processes, occurring throughout the urban Southwest, is fragmenting and dislocating the barrios that exist in and around metropolitan areas, displacing the Chicano population and acting as a source of disruption and instability in the community. This pamphlet presents three interviews describing projects undertaken by Chicanos in three…

The Eskimo and Indian groups native to the Aklavik area were studied by the author who lived with an Indian and an Eskimo family, and spent 3 months in 1961 in their communities. These people were described and analyzed with respect to deviance patterns and community social structure. Particular attention was directed toward the age groups of 16…

This study was undertaken in order to learn more about the background factors and characteristics of youth that appear to be associated with enrollment, involvement, and attrition from 4-H. In addition, the study sought to determine the manner in which community setting influences awareness of 4-H, enrollment and involvement in, and attrition from…

The specific concerns and recommendations that the people of rural Alaska made about their educational system are documented in this report. The major need areas indicated in the reports include bicultural curriculums and bilingual instruction, the relationship between the community and the school, local control and local planning, and the…

The central purpose of this research was to provide vocational educators in general, and agricultural educators in particular, with insights into the occupational aspirations, expectations, and interests of rural male seniors. Specific objectives of the research were (1) to compare occupational aspirations, expectations, and interests of seniors…

In producing programs and establishing policy criteria for the institutional church in rural Canada, planners must deal with community groups or types in order to maximize the transferability of programs and policies. This paper discusses a two-dimensional typology (social context and social position) based on the belief that there is a real…

Challenges facing school transportation programs include pressure from community groups for extended service, austerity imposed by conservative county commissions, increasing driver militancy, declining district purchasing power, rapid turnover of drivers, and growing disciplinary problems aboard buses. (MCG)

This review concerns the influences of the community on learning. These influences are numerous and complex, and include family, culture, and local customs. This review analyzes representative cross-sections of the literature within three domains: community constructs, the program literature, and the research literature. (BW)

This study introduced and demonstrated a new methodology for item and test bias studies: moderated differential item functioning (DIF). This technique expands the DIF methodology to incorporate contextual and sociological variables as moderating effects of the DIF. The study explored differential domain functioning (DDF), so that the focus of…

This brief paper summarizes the current literature concerning youth aggression and violence especially risk, resilience, and prevention. It summarizes risk factors for aggression and violence including child characteristics (e.g., hyperactivity, risk-taking, emotional disturbance), home conditions (e.g., harsh and ineffective parental discipline,…

This report summarizes findings from a study concerned with Arizona school safety. The survey component highlights safety-related policy information across 300 schools; the interview component highlights school-safety perceptions of 64 staff across 16 schools. Various policies and programs that respond to internal and external threats to school…

Examined the support for, and consequences of, youths' drug involvement in neighborhoods having different degrees of toughness and drug use. Surveyed junior high school students (N=1,045) about their drug use. Found an interactive relationship between neighborhood setting and supports and consequences of drug involvement. (JAC)

Presents a model for studying and developing school nutrition education programs and better understanding potential influences on children's current nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Focuses on three environments (home and family, school, community) and the change process as influenced by nutrition education programs. (Author/DC)