A University of Yucatan (Mexico) professor who taught a Mayan linguistics course to indigenous teachers in Mayan discusses three issues that are central to understanding how indigenous education interacts with pan-Maya identity: the importance of locally developed Maya literature, the symbols used to define Maya culture, and a conflict over Maya…

An elementary school in a low-income, immigrant community of South Brooklyn (New York) developed a bilingual variation of the adult learning community model of professional development. Bilingual administrators and teachers collaboratively created a positive learning environment through teacher action research, coaching and mentoring, on-site…

This research article describes the English acquisition of three, young, high-achieving, Korean, bilingual students, their academic development and their social/psychological adjustment in school. All observations and interviews were conducted in the natural classroom setting. The Korean children underwent different school experiences, partially…

A study in two El Paso (Texas) elementary school two-way bilingual education programs investigated factors in learning through first and second language, analyzed teacher development in a context of complex change, and identified promising school structures for collaborative professional development for these teachers. Of the 24 participating…

This "special theme" journal issue focuses on higher education of Chicanos and Latinos. The journal includes the following articles: (1) "Dilemmas of Chicano and Latino Professors in U.S. Universities" (Hisauro Garza); (2) "Analysis of Tenure Among Hispanic Higher Education Faculty" (Richard R. Verdugo); (3)…

A comprehensive teacher demand, supply, and shortage (TDSS) model is proposed as a conceptual framework for analyzing and determining the teaching force in bilingual and English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) education. Available data on the shortage of bilingual education teachers are reviewed, and new national data on their characteristics are…

This study examined the effect of an English intervention program on Singaporan pupils' proficiency in listening and spoken language skills in English and their native language. In 1966, the Singapore Ministry of Education instituted a bilingual school program to ensure that children developed a command of English and one native language. In 1983,…

A three-year training program for bilingual/bicultural program staff development specialists is described. The program, which involves the cooperation of a higher education and six local education agencies (LEAs), seeks to train staff development specialists who can function in two languages, sensitive to the problems and advantages of…

A study examined the language use of two teachers, one a native, bilingual Cantonese-English speaker and the other a monolingual English-speaker, as they alternated teaching assignments between two first grade classes in a Chinese-English bilingual education program. Teacher-student interaction and the variation in teacher and student language use…

This digest reviews the issues of identity and adjustment faced by adolescent Southeast Asian refugees in the United States. Most teenagers from all the Southeast Asian ethnic groups have adopted the dress, hairstyles, and manners of American teenagers, yet their ethnic identity remains strong and specific. This is particularly true for refugees…

The knowledge and training of 80 bilingual elementary school teachers in the areas of Spanish language, reading skills, and reading methodology were studied. The teachers met the following criteria: they were bilingual (English and Spanish), they were licensed and currently teaching in New York City, and they had been exposed to the teaching of…

This master list describes the competencies that a bilingual education teacher should demonstrate in order to teach reading and language arts in Spanish. These competencies are divided into 12 areas: (1) commitment to the philosophy and principles of bilingual-bicultural education, of which Spanish reading and language arts are a necessary…

The purpose of the Bilingual Program for physically handicapped children was to provide a learning environment in which handicapped children who do not speak English or who speak with difficulty would be able to function in their native language. Emphasis was placed on the children improving their native language along with learning English as a…

After reviewing recent legal decisions on bilingual education, this report describes the goals and requirements of a bilingual program in a New York City community school district with a large number of Spanish speaking pupils, and the methods by which these goals were to be attained. The training and responsibilities of staff are discussed, with…

This Title VII Bilingual Gifted and Talented Program was conducted in a community school district in New York City in 1979-80. The program served Hispanic students in grades K-6. A description of the school and the rationale for the program are presented, and program objectives are discussed. These are grouped in three major areas: (1) the…