In developing countries, the means of both providing school-age children with a basic education and extending secondary and technical education are adversely affected by the lack of educational facilities. In addition, vast numbers of adults need to be taught to read and write so that they can participate in the process of development. Experts on…

A goal for minority education is "cultural eclecticism," which combines features of assimilationist and cultural pluralist perspectives into an open-ended educational approach that respects cultural diversity. To achieve this, a project-centered approach to curriculum design, blending the academic functions of the school…

The purpose of this book is to describe and analyze the major vocational training institutions of Latin America, from the educational planner's point of view, in order to map the terrain in this field and propose some guidelines useful to planners. The first two chapters discuss some conceptual problems related to the field of non-formal education…

Fifteen papers on aspects of education and training for agriculture and rural development are contained in this journal for 1977. Several deal with the rising need for more direct participation by the farmers, landless workers, foresters, and fishermen for whom rural education and training systems are designed to supplement traditional types of…

Techniques for applying Brazilian adult educator and political organizer Paulo Freire's theory of "conscientizacao" are discussed. Freire's pedagogy is designed to liberate both oppressor and oppressed from the victimization of the oppressive system through "conscientizacao" or consciousness raising. The term refers to the developmental processes…

This document describes activities in the field of nonformal education as an aid to educators as they develop programs to meet individual student needs. Advantages of nonformal education include that it is need-oriented, less expensive than formal systems, flexible, involves peer teaching, and does not encourage elitist feelings among students.…

The booklet presents goals and activities to help practitioners of nonformal education design workshops for developing nations. Major objectives are to help nonformal educational practitioners become more sensitive to the needs of learners and to develop techniques for dealing cooperatively with people in other cultures. The document is presented…

This report of the proceedings of the Third Annual Lifelong Learning Research Conference held at the University of Maryland, February 6-7, 1981, contains abstracts of forty-eight papers, three symposium papers, and the plenary address. The conference focus was on nonformal adult education. Papers deal with environmental/leisure education issues,…

This paper describes the concept, training, and experiences of community facilitators as change agents in a nonformal education project in rural Ecuador. Presently, the social, economic, and political context of the rural Ecuadorian consists of poverty, racial prejudice, economic exploitation, and psychological dependency. The project attempted to…

Guidelines are presented for applying cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis techniques to nonformal education (NFE) programs in developing nations. The methods are based on workshops conducted in Kenya, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Guatemala. The manual is designed for those personnel responsible for planning, administering, and evaluating NFE…

Fiscal and other economic constraints facing developing nations underscore the need for careful and detailed planning for education focused on the identified purposes. Until recently educational requirements have been measured in terms of inputs. Effectiveness measurements change the basis for judging the educational system from such input or…

The educational advancement of women in India is not perceived as an important characteristic since education is perceived as irrelevant to their roles. The equality of women in status and opportunity is guaranteed in the 1955 Constitution of India and by the government. Although achievements by women in the local and national levels exist, a…

The author traces the development of career education in the United States since 1900, to counter earlier studies which included only formal education, in assessing human capital input. The book deals mainly with the contribution of nonformal education to economic growth as related to eight types of schooling: apprenticeships, adult education,…

While girls and women in Laos are not the target of strong discriminatory practices, they are at a higher risk of dropping out of school and never attending school. Specific components have been developed within educational policies and strategies to address needs of and concerns for girls and women. Reasons that girls and women lack access to…

Relationships exist between lifelong learning and community-based literacy programs, and Canada appears to have the kind of civic culture that takes literacy learning seriously, enjoying a strong civic or community context for literacy learning. Community literacy in Canada promotes the values and ideas of lifelong learning, legitimizing…