Data on the onset of stuttering in 22 children two and three years of age were obtained through systematic parent interviews using a coded questionnaire. All children were reported to have begun stuttering prior to 36 months of age. (Author)

Comprehensively reviews known examples of genetically influenced learning disabilities and speech and language disorders, including familial dyslexia, stuttering, and other speech and language disorders, as well as sex-chromosome anomalies, treated PKU, and minor auto-somal anomalies. (Author/RH)

Sixteen adult stutterers were randomly assigned to one of two groups: awareness training plus regulated-breathing or Azrin and Nunn's regulated-breathing method only. Awareness training significantly reduced stuttering compared to the control procedure. But the most significant improvement appeared after introduction of the regulated-breathing…

The amount and type of disfluences in the speech of language delayed preschoolers receiving language therapy (N=9) and not (N=9) and nine normal controls were examined. Comparisons indicated that Ss who received language therapy had significantly more word and part word repititions than the other two groups. (Author)

It was found that five Ss showed the usual higher rate of stuttering on consonants, while one showed more stuttering on vowels; and that a markedly higher rate was found on initial words of sentences in two Ss, both of whom were also exceptional in several other aspects of stuttering. (Author/DLS)

This study of three males who stutter and two males with normal speech examined the effects of the Hollins Precision Fluency Shaping Program. Results indicate that the behavioral treatment was effective in changing the fluent speech of the subject with respect to respiration, laryngeal valving, and articulation. (Author/CR)

Listeners compared 10 individuals' suitability of speech at three stages of treatment for stuttering (before, immediately after, and six months after) with 10 non-stutterers. Ten speaking situations with different demands were rated using a newly developed instrument. Results indicated the instrument can be scored reliably and the factor…

This study investigated whether syntactic complexity exerts an influence on the frequency of stuttering in the speech of seven adolescents who stuttered and seven who were normally fluent. Although normal disfluencies and errors in repetition accuracy increased as syntactic complexity increased, stuttering frequency did not appear to be affected…

Syntactic processing was explored in nine individuals who stutter (IWS). Grammaticality judgments and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were obtained while participants read sentences, half containing verb-agreement violations, via computer or paper. Judgment accuracy of IWS for the online task, but not offline, was lower, especially for more…

A study evaluated the language production of 12 children (ages 5-8) who continued stuttering for 36 months or more after onset, 10 who recovered 18-36 months post onset, and 10 who recovered within 18 months of onset of stuttering. The majority of the children performed in the average range on measures of language production. (Author/CR)

This commentary to EC 232 373 and EC 232 374 challenges the use of a speaker-based definition of stuttering and argues that use of the definition may only relocate the judgment reliability problem and raise as many validity problems as a listener-based definition of stuttering does. (JDD)

The study examined whether stutterers (27 children and 19 adults) subvocalize more slowly than nonstutterers and need more time for overt fluent speech production. Results indicated that a strictly motoric explanation of stuttering is inadequate as stutterers and nonstutterers differ in temporal parameters not only during speech execution, but…

Nonfluencies produced by 12 stutterers, aged two-six, were analyzed as they played in three dyads: with the mother, the father, and a familiar peer. Stutterers exhibited more part-word repetitions and prolongations than other types of nonfluencies. The different, familiar listeners did not affect the amounts and types of nonfluencies. (Author/JDD)

The study of 20 adult stutterers participating in a 32-hour program of fluency training found that results were consistent with the hypothesis that improvements in fluency during response-contingent stimulation may occur when stutterers access extant fluent speech that is not otherwise being fully utilized. (Author/DB)

The paper reports on a two-year project to describe factors related to conducting stuttering therapy with 20 elementary school children (mostly Mexican-American) in public school settings. Both the "stutter fluently" and the "speak fluently" approaches were used. Therapy results, scheduling difficulties, and cultural considerations are presented.…