Through narratives taken from life history interviews with an indigenous Mexican male immigrant in California, this paper examines the connection between masculinities and the learning of dominant languages associated with access to economic opportunities. In portraying the teller's engagements with work and education in both countries, these life…

More than any other recent social theorist, constructing a disquisition on Butler's ideas draws the writer into speculating on the formation of their own intellectual grammar, perhaps to confront the disconcerting truth of how often their own cherished analytical rationality is broken up by glimpses into the imagination of more provocative…

In this study, the authors examined the extent to which maternal and paternal parenting styles, cognitions, and behaviors were associated with young girls' and boys' more compassionate (prototypically feminine) and more agentic (prototypically masculine) prosocial behaviors with peers. Parents of 133 preschool-aged children reported on their…

The Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) is designed to measure masculinity and femininity independently. It is based on the dualistic, as opposed to the bipolar, nature of masculinity and femininity. The development of measures for sex role research has relied on empirical techniques; item selection has been based on respondents' stereotyped conceptions…

This study investigated the relationship of psychological masculinity and feminity in children to trait stereotyping and toy preferences. Subjects (157 boys and 157 girls in Grades K-4) were tested on a Child Test Battery, including the Child's Personal Attributes Questionnaire based on the adult PAQ (Spence, Helmreich & Stapp, 1974, 1975),…

Instruments to measure sex role standards of reading, readiness to assume feminine attributes, and reading achievement were developed and administered to 78 first grade boys. The treatment designed to masculinize reading consisted of three elements: (1) a weekly 20-minute exposure to a narrated slide presentation showing male figures in…

Unconscious masculinity-femininity, dependency and self-esteem were respectively measured, in two group-testing sessions per child, by the short form of the Franck Drawing Completion Test, the Group Personality Projective Test, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Subjects were 122 sixth and seventh grade white working-class boys and girls from an…

A sample of 180 students was given the Personal Attributes Questionnaire. Nonscience females were more often classified as feminine, while more females in science were classified as androgenous. No difference was found in the number of biological and physical science majors classified as feminine. (MNS)

Subjects described themselves and the ideal man, woman, and person on unidimensional scales of masculinity derived from the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Men were influenced more than women by the "target" of the ideal. All subjects other than traditional men characterized the ideal person as significantly more feminine than masculine. (CMG)

Organizing the world into masculine and feminine categories is a process called "gender schematicity." High gender schematicity has been linked with children's inclination to self-select out of certain learning opportunities that they deem gender-inappropriate. This study examined gender schematicity among kindergartners and…

This paper reports on an integrated methodology adopted to help solve the problem of accessing boys' fleeting, mobile, and often unvoiced self-work during the process of constructing their gender identity. The study is part of a larger investigation examining the experience and education of boys and young men in relation to matters of sexual…

This book takes an up-close and personal look at elementary school boys and their relationship to sports, movies, video games, and other avenues of popular culture. The book views these media not as enemies of literacy, but as resources "for" literacy. It contains a series of interviews with young boys and girls who describe the pleasure…

This study investigated differences in attitudes and emotions of black and white adolescent males on four items constructed to measure conventional and compulsive (deviant) masculinity. After reporting the theoretical perspectives, the article presents cross-tabulations of responses to attitude and emotion questions from the National Survey of…

Investigated the influences of gender and individual differences in psychological masculinity and femininity on the achievement and interpersonal strivings, abilities, and self-concepts of 176 college students. Results indicated that psychological masculinity and femininity are better predictors of strivings and self-concepts in the achievement…

A study of masculinity and femininity characteristics and levels of self-esteem of female graduate nursing students found that students in high masculine/low feminine and high masculine/high feminine categories had higher self-esteem than students in low masculine/low feminine and low masculine/high feminine categories. (Author/MJL)