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Fitzpatrick, Maria Donovan – Journal of Human Resources, 2012
Many argue that childcare costs limit the labor supply of mothers, though existing evidence has been mixed. Using a child's eligibility for public kindergarten in a regression discontinuity instrumental variables framework, I estimate how use of a particular subsidy, public school, affects maternal labor supply. I find public school enrollment…
Descriptors: Mothers, Labor Force, Labor Supply, Employed Women
Kazis, Richard – Brookings Institution, 2011
Employers need a pipeline of quality workers with different levels of skill and desired earnings. Almost half of U.S. jobs today can be defined as "middle skill" jobs, requiring less than a four-year degree but more than a high school diploma. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) occupational projections indicate that job categories for…
Descriptors: Labor Market, Labor Supply, Community Colleges, Associate Degrees
Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 2012
The labor force is the number of people ages 16 or older who are either working or looking for work. It does not include active-duty military personnel or the institutionalized population, such as prison inmates. Determining the size of the labor force is a way of determining how big the economy can get. The size of the labor force depends on two…
Descriptors: Population Growth, Labor Force, Labor Economics, Labor Supply
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Niesche, Richard – Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 2012
Criticisms of the field of educational leadership and management have consisted of the arguments that scholarship is generally lacking in theoretical and methodological rigour. While it is beyond the scope of this Review Essay to fully examine the terrain of critical approaches to leadership, what is important to note is what little headway much…
Descriptors: Instructional Leadership, Research Needs, Research Opportunities, Leadership
Lederer, John – Washington Higher Education Coordinating Board, 2010
A key to Washington's economic prosperity over the past 20 years has been a thriving employment sector for workers who have high levels of education in fields related to biological, physical, computer and health sciences, engineering, and mathematics. Washington has met the demands of its knowledge-driven economy by producing and attracting one of…
Descriptors: Educational Attainment, Higher Education, Education Work Relationship, Employment Patterns
Milfort, Myriam; Kelley, Jeremy – Jobs for the Future, 2012
With funding from the Joyce and Lumina foundations, Jobs for the Future (JFF) launched Credentials that Work to help postsecondary institutions, regions, and states align their occupational training programs to changing market demands. This initiative incorporates innovations in real-time labor market information in guiding institutions to better…
Descriptors: Credentials, Job Training, Labor Force Development, Labor
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Storey, Judith; Collis, Mary-Ann; Clegg, Jennifer – British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2012
Experiences of eight staff working with people who have a learning disability and complex mental health needs were explored by interviews and analysed using the free association narrative interview approach (Hollway & Jefferson 2000). Participants reported that organisational factors such as not having enough permanent staff and having to manage a…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mental Health, Patients, Interviews
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Rassuli, Ali – Journal of Education for Business, 2012
Extrinsic inducements to adjust students' learning motivations have evolved within 2 opposing paradigms. Cognitive evaluation theories claim that controlling factors embedded in extrinsic rewards dissipate intrinsic aspirations. Behavioral theorists contend that if engagement is voluntary, extrinsic reinforcements enhance learning without ill…
Descriptors: Learner Engagement, Student Motivation, Rewards, Incentives
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Slack, Tim – Rural Sociology, 2010
Researchers are increasingly recognizing space as a key axis of inequality. Scholars concerned with spatial inequality have called for special attention to issues of comparative advantage and disadvantage across space as well as the consideration of the subnational scale. This study draws on these ideas by examining the relationship between work…
Descriptors: Poverty, Employment, Metropolitan Areas, Labor Supply
Healy, Joshua; Mavromaras, Kostas; Sloane, Peter J. – National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER), 2012
Although skill shortages are often portrayed as a significant problem for the Australian economy, there is surprisingly little evidence about their prevalence, causes and consequences. It is difficult to find robust evidence about where skill shortages occur, why they occur, what businesses try to do about them and whether their responses are…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Economics, Longitudinal Studies, Data Analysis
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Aaronson, Daniel; French, Eric – Journal of Human Resources, 2009
This paper extends a standard intertemporal labor supply model to account for progressive taxation as well as the joint determination of hourly wages and hours worked. We show that these two factors can have implications for both estimating labor supply elasticities as well as for using these elasticities in tax analysis. Failure to account for…
Descriptors: Labor Supply, Models, Tax Rates, Correlation
Lan, Xiaohuan – ProQuest LLC, 2012
About 75% of U.S.-trained, non-citizen PhDs in science and engineering work in the U.S. after graduation, and 54% of those who stay take postdoctoral positions. The probability of postdoctoral participation is substantially higher for temporary visa holders than for permanent visa holders because of visa-related restrictions in the U.S. labor…
Descriptors: Foreign Students, Postdoctoral Education, Federal Legislation, Educational Legislation
Knott, Kevin Paul – ProQuest LLC, 2011
The characteristics of a leadership development challenge for America's community colleges have been well-documented in the literature. A worldwide population aging trend, college leader retirements, and an ineffective system for new leader development have led to predictions of a shortfall in well-trained leaders at all levels of community…
Descriptors: Economic Development, Community Colleges, Leadership, Leadership Training
Greenstone, Michael; Looney, Adam – Hamilton Project, 2011
The January employment numbers, released today by the U.S. Department of Labor, present mixed evidence about the state of the labor market. While the unemployment rate dropped to 9 percent, payrolls were just better than flat, increasing by only 36,000 jobs last month. Much attention is given to the official unemployment rate, which is certainly…
Descriptors: Employment Level, Employment Patterns, Labor, Labor Market
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Ebenstein, Avraham – Journal of Human Resources, 2009
The local average treatment effect (LATE) may differ from the average treatment effect (ATE) when those influenced by the instrument are not representative of the overall population. Heterogeneity in treatment effects may imply that parameter estimates from 2SLS are uninformative regarding the average treatment effect, motivating a search for…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Computation, Birth Rate, Labor Supply
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