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Shojaeian, Nazila; Li, Zeyun; Kaurav, Rahul Pratap Singh; Salem, Ashraf Atta M. S. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
The present study examined the role of IQ and the Theory of Mind understanding in children with an autism spectrum disorder and down syndrome. Sixty-six Swedish children with ASD (n = 26), DS (n = 18), and typically developed group (n = 22) ranged between 6 and 12 years old were compared on ToM tasks consisted of standard ToM and IQ tasks. SPSS 25…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Foreign Countries, Children, Autism Spectrum Disorders
Lotte Veddum; Vibeke F. Bliksted – Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia represent different mental disorders, but intriguing similarities seem to appear.In the present meta-analysis, we examined theory of mind (ToM) impairments in adults with ASD or schizophrenia based on studies that have compared the two patient groups directly by using the same test-battery at the…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Schizophrenia, Theory of Mind, Comparative Testing
Maria Alice Baraldi; Filippo Domaneschi – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2024
Research investigating pragmatic abilities in healthy aging suggests that both production and comprehension might be compromised; however, it is not clear how pragmatic abilities evolve in late adulthood, as well as when difficulties are more likely to arise. The aim of this study is to investigate the decline of pragmatic skills in aging, and to…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Skills, Ability, Aging (Individuals)
Lindsay C. Bowman; Amanda C. Brandone – Developmental Science, 2024
Behavioral research demonstrates a critical transition in preschooler's mental-state understanding (i.e., theory of mind; ToM), revealed most starkly in performance on tasks about a character's false belief (e.g., about an object's location). Questions remain regarding the neural and cognitive processes differentiating children who pass versus…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes, Theory of Mind
Christian Tarchi; Lidia Casado-Ledesma; Giulia Sanna; Margherita Conti – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2024
The demands of learning in the twenty-first century require being skilled in the use and comprehension of multiple documents. Some individual factors such as the metacognitive skill of theory of mind (ToM) are related to this ability. This study investigated the relationship between university students' ability to comprehend multiple documents,…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Protocol Analysis, Predictor Variables, Correlation
Thomas F. Camminga; Daan Hermans; Eliane Segers; Constance T. W. M. Vissers – Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 2024
Background and aims: Many children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have difficulties in executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM). These difficulties might be explained by the theory that children's conceptual understanding changes over five stages of word meaning structure, from concrete and context-dependent to abstract and…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Developmental Delays, Preadolescents, Children
Lewis J. Baker; Hongyue Li; Hugo Hammond; Christopher B. Jaeger; Anne Havard; Jonathan D. Lane; Caroline E. Harriott; Daniel T. Levin – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
As a wide variety of intelligent technologies become part of everyday life, researchers have explored how people conceptualize agents that in some ways act and think like living things but are clearly machines. Much of this work draws upon the idea that people readily default to generalizing human-like properties to such agents, and only pare back…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Psychological Patterns, Abstract Reasoning, Attribution Theory
Qianxi Yu; Honglan Li; Shanpeng Li; Ping Tang – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024
Purpose: This study investigated irony comprehension by Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants, focusing on how prosodic and visual cues contribute to their comprehension, and whether second-order Theory of Mind is required for using these cues. Method: We tested 52 Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants (aged 3-7 years) and…
Descriptors: Mandarin Chinese, Deafness, Hearing Impairments, Assistive Technology
Kirsten Abbot-Smith; Danielle Matthews; Colin Bannard; Joshua Nice; Louise Malkin; David Williams; William Hobson – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2025
Keeping a conversation going is the social glue of friendships. The DSM criteria for autism list difficulties with back-and-forth conversation but does not necessitate that all autistic children will be equally impacted. We carried out three studies (two pre-registered) with verbally fluent school children (age 5-9 years) to investigate how…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Communication, Communication Skills, Cognitive Ability, Autism Spectrum Disorders
Lee, Hyun Kyung; Chan, Wai Sum; Tong, Shelley Xiuli – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Reading comprehension difficulties exhibited by children with autism are related to executive function (EF) and theory of mind (ToM) deficits. However, the potential heterogeneity of ToM, EF, and reading comprehension abilities, and their interrelationships, among Chinese children with autism remains unclear. Using comprehensive sets of ToM and EF…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Executive Function, Children, Autism Spectrum Disorders
Löfgren, Ingeborg – Policy Futures in Education, 2022
This article explores what we can learn about truth and meaning from fiction, through a reading of George Orwell's (Eric Blair's) dystopic novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four" (1949) in the light of philosopher Stanley Cavell's notion of "lived skepticism." The article suggests that we can conceive of the novel as portraying…
Descriptors: Fiction, Authoritarianism, Critical Reading, Criticism
Devine, Rory T.; Apperly, Ian A. – Developmental Science, 2022
This study investigated the links between theory of mind, social motivation, and children's social competence in middle childhood and early adolescence. Two hundred and sixty four children (136 girls, 128 boys) aged between 8 and 13 years (M Age = 10.88 years, SD = 1.45) completed theory-of-mind tests and self-report questionnaires measuring…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Interpersonal Competence, Motivation, Children
Ochoa, Karlena D.; Rodini, Joseph F.; Moses, Louis J. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Although the influence of intent understanding on children's moral development has been long studied, little research has examined the influence of belief understanding on that development. In two studies we presented children with morally relevant belief vignettes to examine the extent to which they incorporate both intent and belief information…
Descriptors: Moral Development, Social Cognition, Theory of Mind, Moral Values
Bialek, Arkadiusz; Zubek, Julian; Jackiewicz-Kawka, Martyna; Adamik, Klaudia; Bialecka-Pikul, Marta – Child Development, 2022
This study investigates the relations between two forms of joint action (JA)--movement coordination (MC) and goal attainment--and theory of mind (ToM), contrasting the interactionist and traditional cognitivist views. A custom task was carried out to measure the properties of the JAs between children and their parents, while classical tasks were…
Descriptors: Cooperation, Goal Orientation, Theory of Mind, Task Analysis
Qiuyi Kong; Harry Fraser; Felicia Crysta Elwina; Ted Ruffman – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2025
The present study provided a novel examination of how children's theory of mind (ToM) might be related to two maternal beliefs: (1) social dominance orientation (SDO: the belief that inequalities in society are justified) and (2) right-wing authoritarianism (RWA: a belief in following established authorities). We reasoned that these beliefs could…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preschool Children, Theory of Mind, Mothers