This teaching guide and student text for Project Africa's curriculum program, "Africa South of the Sahara," deal with how four typical contemporary African peoples acquired their present way of life: (1) the Hausa of Northern Nigeria, (2) the Kung Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert, (3) the Mech'a Galla of Ethiopa, and (4) the Kikuyu of…

This study concentrates on the significant changes in policies and decisions as the New York City school system shifted from its previous efforts to desegregate the schools to the current attempts at decentralization. The major controversy in the city is now focused on who shall govern the schools. Findings are based on a three-part systems…

The book is intended for college seniors and graduate students seeking an understanding of adult education and for practitioners who are conducting some aspect of an adult program. Its focus is on education for home and family life, one of the important objectives of adult education. Part One introduces the nature of adult education, giving…

Five elements necessary for the rigorous evaluation of bilingual programs are discussed: (1) careful collection of meaningful baseline data from selected subjects; (2) the identification and development of instruments to measure key variables, such as context and student characteristics; (3) the identification of treatment characteristics, such as…

In Kentucky, high stakes assessment of schools and school districts resulting from the state's educational reform initiative raises the issue of fairness. Should educational officials and teachers be held accountable for student performance despite vast differences in the socioeconomic conditions of the surrounding communities when extensive…

The rural school project of the continental United States consists in educating over 18 million young people between the ages of 5 and 20 who live in small towns and villages, or in the open country. The 300,000 or more schools classified as rural enrolled nearly 12.5 million pupils in 1920, employed 425,00 teachers, supervisors, and principals,…

This article presents a case in which age was isolated as a highly significant factor affecting reported community satisfaction. Authors explain the findings as the result of four factors: (1) selective migration, (2) influence of length of residence, (3) acceptance of one's surroundings as one ages, and (4) rising expectations among the younger…

In describing how the small school educator can effectively use community resources, points out the teacher must accept "that the community is a learning laboratory full of people, places and things that can contribute to the learning that takes place within the walls of the classroom." (Author/LC)

Review of recent educational research compares academic outcomes of poor rural students and poor urban students and explores rural community characteristics and rural school characteristics that may affect students' opportunity to learn. Information specifically on poor rural students, schools, and communities is sketchy, unfocused, and not…

Presents a free-wheeling and insightful interview with Nobel Prize winning author, Toni Morrison. Morrison talks about the nature, benefits, and characteristics of community, drawing examples from her hometown of Lorain, Ohio, and New York City. She also discusses prevalent themes and ideas in her books. (MJP)

A study examined factors inherent in Montana's smallest schools that attract and retain teachers. Surveys of 126 elementary teachers in 107 small school districts found that a rural background and proximity to family or home were influential in accepting employment. The classroom experience, particularly their relationship with students, and…

In contrast to persistent "culture of poverty" explanations, studies of seemingly irrational risk-taking behaviors among West Virginia adolescents found that early pregnancy and dropping out of school were related to lack of economic opportunity and decline of traditional community cultural patterns without acceptable alternatives.…

This study attempted to examine differences in physical activity levels between urban and rural primary school children. The sample consisted of 256 Greek-Cypriot children and their parents from two schools representing urban areas and three schools representing rural areas. Children's activity levels were assessed for 4 weekdays in the winter and…

This monograph provides an account of the work done in the village placement project of the Department of Child Development of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India from 1976-77 to 1984-85. Chapter 1 offers an overview of major problems of children and women in India. It emphasizes the need for rural development programs and the…

The Alan Rufus Tonelson Teaching and Learning Center was established in 1988 to explore the nature of urban elementary education through research focusing on classroom, school, home, and community variables that affect the education of high-risk urban children. The results are used to train teachers to work more effectively in urban schools. The…