The second part of a working copy in preparation for inclusion into a curriculum manual to aid teachers of preschool children, this paper is devoted to questions, answers and discussions on Experience with Representation: 1. The Symbol Level, and 2. The Sign Level. It is noted that children cannot read or work with concepts they have not yet…

Visual demonstrations may be used as part of programs to deliver both content objectives and process objectives. Research has shown that learning of concepts is easier, more accurate, and more broadly applied when it is accompanied by visual examples. The visual examples supporting content learning should emphasize both discrimination and…

Discusses a study which sought to determine the degree to which the reading activities in one school district's elementary schools are matched to certain psycholinguistic concepts. Concludes that, until teachers become more aware of how language works and what the reading processes are, reading instruction will continue to overemphasize the visual…

Two-letter stimulus displays, differing in the magnitude of the horizontal spatial separation between the letters, were presented tachistoscopically to 10 retarded and 1 nonretarded adults. (Author/CL)

The author argues for a more enthusiastic use of mapping diagrams by demonstrating how effective they are in teaching some concepts in calculus. (MN)

In an examination of the validity of the Visual Closure subtest of the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, 94 learning disabled students (mean age 9 years) were administered three visual measures. (CL)

The four BASIC programs described can be used to control experiments and facilitate classroom demonstrations and laboratory exercises in human memory, operant behavior, and visual discrimination. (RM)

The study assessed transfer of visual training for myopia using two different training stimuli and a single subject A-B-C-A design with a male student volunteer. A procedure including stimulus fading and reinforcement (positive verbal feedback) was used to effectively improve performance on both behavioral acuity tests during the training phases…

Presents a model for visual learning and describes an approach to skills instruction which aids students in using atlases. Maintains that teachers must help students see atlases as tools capable of providing useful information rather than experiencing atlas learning as an empty exercise with little relevance to their lives. (JDH)

Reports on three experiments involving 300 six-year old children that investigated the conditions under which young children would produce "separates" as opposed to partial occlusion drawings. (HOD)

The article summarizes findings of research on individual differences in reading ability, noting the primary effects of lack of phonological awareness on the ability to phonologically segment, analyze, and synthesize the speech stream. Other sources of individual differences are also addressed: early visual processes, naming processes, context,…

The use of graphics for teaching the structure of the target language is examined as an extension of the traditional use of graphics to teach vocabulary and text comprehension. The concept is illustrated with examples from several languages. (MSE)

Three case histories illustrate the efficacy of a treatment program which included both visual training and the improvement of reading efficiency. The three students showed significant improvement in visual functioning and reading efficiency as measured by eye-movement recordings after a relatively brief period of training. (Author)

Discusses developmental changes in visual exploration and manipulative investigation among children from birth to six months, six to 12 months, and 12 to 36 months of age. Also discusses pretend play in terms of decentration, decontextualization, and integration. (RH)

Results indicated no significant differences between conditioning procedures in regard to obtained MRLs (minimum response levels) number of stimulus presentations required to establish MRL (discounting conditioning trials), and number of false-positive responses observed during control trial for 60 premature infants at one or two years of age.…