The purposes of the present investigation are to compare the structure and level of multidimensional self-concepts for boys and girls from England and Australia, and to demonstrate the use of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in making such comparisons. Subjects were random samples of 303 English preadolescents and 303 Australians that were…

Explored impact of peers on retained students. Second- and fifth-grade retained and nonretained children provided measures of peer reward allocations, preferences for social and task partners, attitudes about school environment, report card expectancy, and self-esteem. Peer discrimination was moderated by the rater's age, gender, physical size and…

Assessed differences in self-perceptions, peer perceptions, and attributions of relative responsibility for aggressive and nonagressive boys. Used semantic differential ratings following brief competitive dyadic discussion, and observer ratings. Perceptual and attributional biases operated in social interactions. Unlike nonaggressive boys,…

Investigated academic achievement of Mexican-American students and conflict in values with Anglo-American culture. Mexican and Anglo-American students, their parents, and teachers reported their adherence to traditional school values and evaluated the importance of field independent behaviors to success in school. Attitudinal differences were…

Subjects, ages 3 to 5 and 9 to 11, were shown a videotape that presented either a frightening stimulus directly or a character's fearful response to a threatening stimulus that was suggested rather than shown directly. Both self-reported emotional reactions and physiological responses were consistent with a cognitive-developmental view of the…

A study of 45 hearing-impaired students (ages 10 to 19) investigated their understanding of English verb-particle combinations of varying syntactic and semantic difficulty. Results suggest an order of difficulty in learning. Idioms were found to be more difficult than literal meanings with little improvement over the age range of the subjects.…

Cognitive controls were isolated through factor analysis with 59 intermediate-grade gifted students, and three cognitive styles were defined by cluster analysis. The cognitive style labeled "strict percept-strict concept" was associated with greater facility in divergent thinking. Study findings support explanations of giftedness through…

Charts were reviewed to identify the characteristics of 511 prepubertal children brought to a Montreal, Quebec (Canada) pediatric hospital for evaluation regarding alleged sexual abuse. Specific characteristics were found to distinguish victims on the basis of their age, sex, and type of sexual abuse (intra- versus extra-familial). (Author/JDD)

A program was designed to provide gifted preadolescent students with a better resistance to stress. Based on the stress inoculation procedure, the program's six sessions gradually exposed students to stressful situations through imagery techniques and role-playing, while helping them apply newly learned coping skills. (JDD)

Advocates the rights of early adolescents to (1) information they need on subjects such as AIDS, drugs, and reproduction; (2) information on topics they enjoy which may not be grounded in a school's curriculum; and (3) a sense of history. Seventeen recommended books are described in this context. (MES)

Explains basic components of a report which proposes a curriculum philosophy to unify the education of Scotland's 10-14 age group and to counteract discontinuities between primary and secondary schooling. Presents critiques of the report by six writers whose views range from scepticism to positive endorsement. (JHZ)

Grounded in schema and generative theories, this research suggests a theoretical framework and a task-specific procedure for integrating reading and writing. Fourth grade students were given a text-related generative writing task and reading recall test. Results support the notion of using writing as an orienting task prior to reading. (DST)

Discusses a study of children aged eight to nine years who were presenting aggressive behavior, with the aim of facilitating intervention at an early stage. Results of questionnaires given to teachers, the children themselves, their peer group, and parents are examined. Difficulties that arose in undertaking this study are explored. (Author/CT)

Reviews sixth to eighth grade students' attitudes about what they watch on television, and discusses how prime time programming can help students in school by encouraging reading of books connected with television shows, providing scripts for students, and use of television as a source of classroom discussion and to encourage family communication.…

Black (N=95) and White (N=52) low socioeconomic children assigned to special education classes were initially given the Stanford-Binet and, three years later, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). Correlations between Stanford-Binet and WISC-R Full Scale IQs were significant in both ethnic groups, with r=.60 for the total…