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Wu, Zhemeng; Kavanova, Martina; Hickman, Lydia; Lin, Fiona; Buckley, Mark J. – Learning & Memory, 2020
According to dual-process theory, recognition memory performance draws upon two processes, familiarity and recollection. The relative contribution to recognition memory are commonly distinguished in humans by analyzing receiver-operating-characteristics (ROC) curves; analogous methods are more complex and very rare in animals but fast familiarity…
Descriptors: Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Familiarity, Recall (Psychology)
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Srijamdee, Kitisak; Pholphirul, Piriya – Education and Information Technologies, 2020
Since education is a major step toward long-term human capital development, it is assumed that facility in the use of information and communication technology (ICT), which can help complement, enrich, and transform education, should be promoted among students. However, does a higher level of ICT familiarity always help promote learning skills and…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Information Technology, Outcomes of Education, Scores
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Cirelli, Laura K.; Trehub, Sandra E. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
Parents commonly vocalize to infants to mitigate their distress, especially when holding them is not possible. Here we examined the relative efficacy of parents' speech and singing (familiar and unfamiliar songs) in alleviating the distress of 8- and 10-month-old infants (n = 68 per age group). Parent-infant dyads participated in 3 trials of the…
Descriptors: Singing, Familiarity, Infants, Stress Management
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Ruba, Ashley L.; Meltzoff, Andrew N.; Repacholi, Betty M. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
Accurate perception of emotional (facial) expressions is an essential social skill. It is currently debated whether emotion categorization in infancy emerges in a "broad-to-narrow" pattern and the degree to which language influences this process. We used an habituation paradigm to explore (a) whether 14- and 18-month-old infants perceive…
Descriptors: Infants, Nonverbal Communication, Emotional Response, Toddlers
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Lee, Hongmi; Kim, Kyungmi; Yi, Do-Joon – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Previous studies have reported contradictory findings regarding the effects of item repetition on the subsequent encoding of contextual details associated with items (i.e., source memory). Whereas some studies reported repetition-induced enhancement in source memory, other studies observed repetition-induced impairment. To resolve these…
Descriptors: Memory, Familiarity, Context Effect, Tests
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Wiese, Holger; Chan, Chelsea Y. X.; Tüttenberg, Simone C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
It is difficult to recognize the identity of a face presented in negative contrast. This difficulty, however, is substantially reduced when only the eye region is contrast positive in an otherwise negative face image, and recognition of these so-called contrast chimeras approaches performance with full positive faces. This apparently similar…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Recognition (Psychology), Human Body, Identification
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Weidemann, Christoph T.; Kahana, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Dual-process models of recognition memory typically assume that independent familiarity and recollection signals with distinct temporal profiles can each lead to recognition (enabling 2 routes to recognition), whereas single-process models posit a unitary "memory strength" signal. Using multivariate classifiers trained on spectral…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Memory, Familiarity, Recall (Psychology)
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Brainerd, C. J.; Nakamura, K.; Lee, W.-F. A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
We implemented a new approach to measuring the relative speeds of different cognitive processes, one that extends multinomial models of memory and reasoning from discrete decisions to latencies. We applied it to the dual-process prediction that familiarity is faster than recollection. Relative to prior work on this prediction, the advantages of…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Cognitive Processes, Memory, Familiarity
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Nuria Haristiani; Devy Christinawati – International Journal of Language Education, 2024
While acquiring a second language, learners may encounter challenges and difficulties in effectively carrying out verbal communication in the second language. Mastering the apology speech act is a challenge for L2 learners. The objective of this study is to identify the apology strategies utilized by individuals learning the Japanese language, as…
Descriptors: Speech Acts, Pragmatics, Error Analysis (Language), Second Language Learning
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Abdulaziz Alarifi; Benjamin V. Tucker – Second Language Research, 2024
This study investigated the role of orthographic information in the acquisition of non-native speech sounds by monolingual English listeners. Two potentially important orthographic variables were explored: Orthographic compatibility (whether the orthographic information supports or contradicts the distributional information) and orthographic…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Auditory Discrimination, Cues
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McKenna M. Halverson; Sara E. Lowmaster – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 2024
Peer mentors play a crucial role in campus-based living and support programs that assist autistic students in their transition to U.S. colleges. However, limited research has examined the characteristics of potential peer mentors and incentives that may be necessary to staff such programs. The present study evaluated the relationship between the…
Descriptors: Students with Disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Predictor Variables, Intention
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Ece Avinç; Fatih Dogan – Education and Information Technologies, 2024
The study aimed to develop a Likert-type measurement tool (Digital Literacy Scale, DLS) to determine the digital literacy levels of secondary school students. The validity and reliability of the developed measurement tool were verified using the Rasch model. The Rasch Model can estimate missing data and allow for small study groups (Rasch, Rasch,…
Descriptors: Digital Literacy, Secondary School Students, Validity, Reliability
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Sajedifard, Mohammad; Abedi, Hojjat – MEXTESOL Journal, 2022
High and low achievers' strategy use profiles in the speaking skill appear to be rare, with the few studies examining their strategy use profiles only in skills such as reading and writing. Another gap can be observed in the scrutiny of effective and ineffective strategy use in speaking tests. The study was carried out with thirty male and female…
Descriptors: Learning Strategies, Speech Communication, Task Analysis, Foreign Countries
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Reina, Raul; Íñiguez-Santiago, María Carmen; Ferriz-Morell, Roberto; Martínez-Galindo, Celestina; Cebrián-Sánchez, Marta; Roldan, Alba – European Journal of Special Needs Education, 2022
This quasi-experimental study analyses the effects of an awareness intervention programme with five different branches designed to improve the attitudes of physical education (PE) students towards the inclusion of classmates with disabilities. The contact (yes/no) and its frequency (×1 vs. ×3) with para-athletes, the duration of the programme (1…
Descriptors: Intervention, Physical Education, Student Attitudes, Inclusion
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Savic, Olivera; Unger, Layla; Sloutsky, Vladimir M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Human word learning is remarkable: We not only learn thousands of words but also form organized semantic networks in which words are interconnected according to meaningful links, such as those between "apple," "juicy," and "pear." These links play key roles in our abilities to use language. How do words become…
Descriptors: Semantics, Vocabulary Development, Language Usage, Eye Movements
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