This study deals with the demand of a task. A theoretical background shows the difficulty of applying the idea of demand (as established in the literature) to the data. This has been confirmed in the preliminary study of this paper, which deals with the analysis of university examinations. Some factors that affect the demand of a task have been…

The attitudes toward mathematics of a large cross-sectional sample of students in grades 6 through 12 were explored. Most previous studies have not used samples as large as the 623 urban public school students in the southern United States, included in this study. The sample included 55.1 percent females, 58.3 percent Whites, 27.6 percent African…

Nursing educators and administrators are concerned about medication errors made by students which jeopardize patient safety. The inability to conceptualize and calculate medication dosages, often related to math anxiety, is implicated in such errors. A computer-assisted instruction (CAI) program is seen as a viable method of allowing students to…

Students that have high mathematics anxiety also have negative attitudes toward their potential success in mathematics. The focus of this paper is on changing attitudes towards mathematics, particularly those of arts majors. Suggestions for changing attitudes come out of an understanding of differing learning styles among students. Individuals…

In this paper, emphasis is placed on examining the issue of sex differences from a historical perspective, within a framework focused on socialization factors, and within a more psychological framework that examines how society's beliefs and expectations are reflected in personal beliefs that may affect functioning. Biographical details about…

This document provides details about the Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) Project, which developed a model program and instructional materials that can be used to increase confidence and skills of students in undergraduate teacher education courses. TEAM materials and curriculum were specifically designed to: (1) reduce mathematics anxiety…

Four hundred forty six female university students who had completed at least five courses were tested for self-schemas in math/science ability. One hundred eighty-four of the women had taken or were taking more than the required one basic math or science course. It was found that 35.0% of the women in the sample could be classified as having a…

This Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) module is designed to establish an atmosphere in the classroom in which students will feel free to share their thoughts, reactions, and experiences related to mathematics and mathematics teachers. It consists of an instructor's text and student materials. The instructor's text provides (1) specific…

This handbook provides information on the purpose, organization, and use of Teacher Education and Mathematics (TEAM) modules within the context of a teacher education course for elementary education students or as supplementary materials to such a course. The four mathematics and four attitudinal modules are designed to produce four outcomes for…

The participation in certain classroom processes by students of high and low mathematics confidence who scored above the mean in mathematics achievement was studied over 2 years. The processes selected were: (1) specified types of teacher-pupil interactions, and (2) student engaged time in high or low cognitive level mathematical activities,…

Milwaukee Area Technical College's (MATC's) responses to the need for developmental mathematics instruction are reviewed in this paper. The paper begins by briefly describing a project which MATC undertook in 1965 through 1970 to develop technical mathematics materials and courses which were relevant for technicians and matched the entry-level…

This paper reported the results of a study designed to determine whether certain instructional strategies are superior to others in teaching problem solving to high school chemistry students. The effectiveness of four instructional strategies for teaching problem solving to students of various proportional reasoning ability, verbal and visual…

This paper, presented at the 1979 meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), investigates the affective characteristics of 120 junior high school students who participated in one or both of the first two programs of Minnesota Talented Youth Mathematics Project (MTYMP). The first year program of 1976-77 was in algebra I and…

The Zuckerman Affect Adjective Check List (AACL) is used to measure trait anxiety and situation-specific trait anxiety relating to peer interaction, vocational aspiration, and the learning of English, mathematics, science and social studies. The subjects were 262 grade 10 students attending an Australian metropolitan high school. Additional…

The central theme for this document is provided by the report by the National Advisory Committee on Mathematical Education (NACOME), which prepared an overview and analysis of U.S. school-level mathematical education. Topics covered include: (1) a research-supported discussion of several issues facing mathematics educators; (2) suggestions for…