Traces the entry and exit criteria of transitional bilingual education programs through federal court decisions, laws, and regulations over the past decade. Examines the validity of the rules used to decide who needs transitional bilingual education. (MLF)

This article reviews and interprets the 1980 case of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) vs. Yeshiva University (New York). It also considers state legislatures' responses to the decision, subsequent related NLRB decisions, and the case's overall impact on educational reform in the context of individual cases and of collective bargaining.…

Traces legal balance in "Tinker" between Constitutional rights of students and caveat that these rights were secure only as exercise did not "interfere" with disciplinary processes of school. Cites changing political landscape; free exercise and establishment of religion; and search and seizure. Concludes that students appear…

Contends that, although religious freedom is a key feature of U.S. democracy, it has had a relatively short and modern history. Discusses the issues, court opinions, and historical significance of the 1940 "Minersville School District v. Gobitis" U.S. Supreme Court decision regarding Jehovah's Witnesses and the Pledge of Allegiance to…

Argues that recent trends in Supreme Court decisions do not bode well for future civil rights claims of minorities. Changes affecting the Court stem from the unhappiness of political conservatives. The emerging conservative minority and its historical development are described as an aspect of regressive political and policymaking forces. (SLD)

Reviews and analyzes the legal development and current status of affirmative action. Traces the aftermath of the Brown versus Board of Education case, the benign discrimination doctrine, the impact of the City of Richmond versus Croson in minority set-asides in Virginia, and the strict scrutiny standard. (JB)

Offers an analysis of the legal, court, and regulatory work of the Reagan and, to some extent, the Bush administrations on the issues of civil rights and affirmative action. Argues that these administrations worked to shift the views of the high court and mounted an offensive against affirmative action. (JB)

Examines recent Supreme Court rulings relating to minority set-aside and affirmative action programs. Looks at the analysis of these programs; their impact on those disadvantaged by them; the evolution of affirmative action; reverse discrimination; limited circumstances where preferences are appropriate; and other remedies. (JB)

Public university restriction of faculty expression on the institution's World Wide Web server is discussed based on recent Supreme Court decisions. It is proposed that in some circumstances, content-based restriction of faculty expression is permissible and will not violate the First Amendment academic freedom rights of faculty. (MSE)

Two sets of Supreme Court cases are examined and their links discussed in the context of the recent Jeffries v. Harleston court case concerning the City College of New York. The first pertains to and reflects general protection of academic freedom in public colleges and universities; the second concerns speech rights of public school teachers and…

The federal court decision in Hopwood versus the State of Texas, in which the court ruled that race could not be used as a factor in law school admission, is forcing universities to reexamine their reliance on standardized tests as admission criteria. Reduced use of test scores can then allow more active recruitment of top minority students. (MSE)

This paper reviews various court decisions, especially West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, regarding the right of public school students to refuse to participate in mandatory patriotic school exercises and discusses the attitudes of teachers regarding mandatory participation. In Barnette, the Supremee Court, by a six-to-three…

This guide is intended to help employers in New Hampshire curtail sexual harassment on the job. Covered first are the nature and scope of sexual harassment, the victims of the problem, and the reasons why sexual harassment is a problem for employers as well as victims. The next section deals with various aspects of sexual harassment and the law,…

This monograph traces the legal history of the conflict between constitutional rights of expression in the schools and school boards' control of education. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the law and policy of free expression. Chapter 2 is a case study of "Kuhlmeier v. Hazelwood School District," in which a high school principal…

This teaching guide is designed to accompany and enhance a two-part Public Broadcasting System video documentary about the U.S. Supreme Court's history, legal processes, and activities. The purpose of this series is to examine the institution that for 200 years has been the principal custodian of the U.S. Constitution. A background essay, written…