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Vihman, Marilyn May; Thierry, Guillaume; Lum, Jarrad; Keren-Portnoy, Tamar; Martin, Pam – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2007
Children raised in the home as English or Welsh monolinguals or English-Welsh bilinguals were tested on untrained word form recognition using both behavioral and neurophysiological procedures. Behavioral measures confirmed the onset of a familiarity effect at 11 months in English but failed to identify it in monolingual Welsh infants between 9 and…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Infants, Word Recognition, Monolingualism
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Lukenbill, W. Bernard; Lukenbill, James F. – School Library Media Research, 2007
Censorship of school library collections has risen significantly in the last few decades, and such attacks are increasing. American courts have ruled that students in schools have First Amendment rights and some degree of freedom of speech. Courts also have ruled that students have the right to information and to learn and discuss issues of…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Media Specialists, Censorship, Student Rights
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Brooks, Lee R.; Hannah, Samuel D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2006
Classification "rules" in expert and everyday discourse are usually deficient by formal standards, lacking explicit decision procedures and precise terms. The authors argue that a central function of such weak rules is to focus on perceptual learning rather than to provide definitions. In 5 experiments, transfer following learning of family…
Descriptors: Classification, Perceptual Motor Learning, Generalization, Evaluation Criteria
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Tekin, Ali Kemal; Tekin, Gokce – Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 2006
This study investigated parents' knowledge and opinions about the picture books that are on the market for the children. Interviews and surveys were used. Then, surveys and interviews done with 20 parents were coded and analyzed, discussed, and implications were made by describing (a) parents' knowledge about the picture books, (b) different views…
Descriptors: Picture Books, Knowledge Level, Parent Attitudes, Interviews
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Moll, Henrike; Koring, Cornelia; Carpenter, Malinda; Tomasello, Michael – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2006
In the studies presented here, infants' understanding of others' attention was assessed when gaze direction cues were not diagnostic. Fourteen-, 18- and 24-month-olds witnessed an adult look to the side of an object and express excitement. In 1 experimental condition this object was new for the adult because she was not present while the child and…
Descriptors: Infants, Comprehension, Attention, Adults
Rittschof, Kent A.; And Others – 1995
Value-by-area maps, or cartograms, provide a curiosity-provoking method of depicting geographically related data. The use of cartograms for learning such data involves a learner's familiarity with the region depicted and the distortion of true, earth-centered scale. To examine the effects of region familiarity and region distortion on learning…
Descriptors: Cartography, Familiarity, Geography, Higher Education
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Turner, Nigel; Katz, Albert – 1991
Two studies investigated the processing of familiar and unfamiliar figurative language. Subjects read paragraphs containing figurative sentences (proverbs in study 1 and metaphors in study 2) or literal controls; later subjects were given a cued recall test designed to test their memory for contextually inappropriate meanings (a literal cue for a…
Descriptors: Cues, Familiarity, Figurative Language, Foreign Countries
Hertsgaard, L.; Bauer, P. J. – 1991
In two experiments, the ability of children younger than 20 months to engage in delayed ordered recall was investigated. In the first experiment, 13- and 16-month-old children were presented with 2-step event sequences and tested for recall, first, immediately following the event and second, after a one-week delay. Sequences were novel-causal,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Familiarity, Infants, Long Term Memory
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Young, J. Lynne – RE:view, 1997
Discusses the need to introduce dogs to elementary children with visual impairments and describes a program in Delaware that uses a curriculum that provides information about dogs, a video about dogs, and introduces children to the animals to help overcome fears or apprehension about dogs. (CR)
Descriptors: Animals, Children, Curriculum Development, Elementary Education
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MacIntyre, Peter D.; Thivierge, Kimly A. – Communication Quarterly, 1995
Investigates how a speaker's expectations about the audience can influence public speaking anxiety and willingness to speak. Indicates that audience characteristics interact with speaking contexts in complex ways but that, in general, audience pleasantness exerts a stronger influence than audience familiarity, with pleasant friends the most…
Descriptors: Audience Awareness, Audiences, Communication Apprehension, Communication Research
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Walden, Tedra A.; Baxter, Abigail – Child Development, 1989
Investigated the effect of setting on the social referencing of 48 children of 6-40 months. Behavioral regulation was observed in familiar child care centers and an unfamiliar university laboratory. Affect was not influenced by setting and showed regulation only for the oldest children. (RJC)
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Affective Behavior, Age Differences, Day Care
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Lupton, Linda; Fristoe, Macalyne – Sign Language Studies, 1992
This investigation explored recognition memory for sign language vocabulary in sign language students. Ten beginning and 10 advanced students were asked to judge their familiarity with 50 old and new vocabulary items presented in both written (sign gloss) and signed stimulus modes. (JL)
Descriptors: American Sign Language, Deafness, Familiarity, Memory
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Wentworth, Naomi; Haith, Marshall M. – Developmental Psychology, 1992
A modified Visual Expectation Paradigm assessed the role of picture content in the spatiotemporal expectations of 80 infants. Stable picture content information facilitated formation of expectations about when and where pictures would appear. Two month olds' reactions were consistently slower than those of three month olds.(LB)
Descriptors: Expectation, Familiarity, Infant Behavior, Infants
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Schmidt-Rinehart, Barbara C. – Modern Language Journal, 1994
University students of Spanish at three different course levels were used in a study of the effects of topic familiarity on second-language listening comprehension. Findings regarding the supporting role of background knowledge are consistent with many second-language reading and listening studies. (Contains 45 references.) (LB)
Descriptors: Familiarity, Higher Education, Knowledge Level, Listening Comprehension
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Nelson, Charles A.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1993
Used event-related potentials to examine infants' ability to form representations of stimuli presented in a haptic modality and to then recognize these stimuli as familiar when the stimuli were subsequently presented in a visual modality. Found that in certain conditions infants encoded the haptically familiarized object, then transferred their…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Familiarity, Infant Behavior, Infants
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