A study compared positive and negative adaptation strategies used by people with low vision (25 working-age and 23 elderly people) who had participated in a rehabilitation program with 335 persons with neurological disabilities and 112 controls. Results indicate that the participants used a variety of positive and negative adaptation strategies.…

Examined Chinese sixth-graders' sociability and prosocial orientation and adjustment at age 12 and 2 years later. Found that: (1) prosocial orientation predicted social and school adjustment and externalizing problems; (2) sociability uniquely predicted internalizing problems and emotional adjustment; and (3) prosocial orientation and sociability…

Examines the historical and conceptual foundations of friendship research. Areas addressed include functions of friendship, study of peer relations and peer systems, associated methodological and measurement challenges, and the study of friendship today. The discussion is framed around the "Harry Potter" (by J. K. Rowling) phenomena. (SD)

Ten socially/emotionally maladjusted adolescents with language impairments (SEM/LI) and 10 nonimpaired adolescents received 4 treatment sessions in the use of a "context clues strategy" for improving comprehension in 4 sentence types. Results indicated that SEM/LI adolescents benefit from direct instruction involving three of the…

Examined the relations among single mothers' awareness of their adolescents' stressors, mother-adolescent communication, maternal monitoring, and adolescent adjustment. Findings suggest that when adolescent stress increases and family communication and monitoring change, monitoring by single mothers may increase awareness of adolescent stress and…

Assessed links between free-time activities in middle childhood and school grades, conduct, and depression symptoms concurrently and 2 years later; also explored 2 mechanisms that might underlie activity-adjustment links. Found links between the nature of children's free-time activities and their adjustment. Social contexts of free-time activities…

Describes person-based follow-back design and narrative analyses to examine young adult developmental adaptation despite serious prior risks and adversity. Describes identification of competent young adults and narrative analysis method. Presents preliminary findings detailing content and structural themes involving individual constructions of…

Two studies investigate young children's beliefs about aggression and withdrawal in others with reference to the possibility of stability and change. Study 1 (N = 41) provides evidence that preschool children (1) view aggression in more essentialist ways (i.e. they believe it to be more stable and less changeable) than withdrawal and (2) believe…

This article identifies the different problems immigrants and refugees face in the United States, especially socioeconomic and psychosocial concerns that often relate to the experience of migration. Traditional familial roles and responsibilities are frequently challenged, exacerbated by sociocultural differences and inadequate understandings…

Comparing the experiences of White and Black graduate students illuminate various social adjustment challenges for White graduate students at historically Black colleges or universities (HBCUs) that are distinct from those challenges experienced by Black students on traditionally White campuses (TWIs). Findings in this exploratory and descriptive…

Explored relations between child temperament, parenting daily hassles, and children's social adjustment in preschool. Found that parenting daily hassles predicted child externalizing problems beyond the contribution of child temperament characteristics. Child temperament interacted with parenting hassles in predicting adjustment outcomes. Child…

Prior studies suggest that adjustment is a significant contributor to the academic success of international students, and cultural differences can lead to adjustment problems. However, while Australia takes many international students from Indonesia, and there are substantial cultural differences between Indonesia and Australia, there has been…

Objective: The objective of this study was to document the psychosocial adjustment of young refugees during their adolescence and its association with the war-related trauma experienced by their family before migration. Method: Data were collected on 57 young Khmer resettled in Montreal and followed from early to late adolescence. The associations…

In response to United States special education law requirements, this study attempted to differentiate emotionally disturbed and socially maladjusted students using parent ratings on the FACES III and a newly developed interview measure of primarily internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Forty mothers of students in special education and 40…

The present study explores the experience of two young Gypsy girls in solving school arithmetic tasks in interaction with an adult who supports their participation. Along with learning the use of arithmetic tools, a basic element concerning the experience of the two girls as they try to gain entry into the school practice is learning about…