In considering what to do with the normally existing diversity in a group of children coming to a school intended for all, the concepts of integration, segregation, inclusion, and exclusion must be considered as characteristics of school aims, organization, and work. Questions related to these concepts are particularly pertinent in a discussion of…

This paper first analyzes the situation of special needs education in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and then reports on qualitative research on three inclusive education initiatives in the province involving children with Down Syndrome at the primary school level. Current developments in the province include the continued existence…

There is an elusive quality about much of the discussion of urban school desegregation. The mere mention of the school issue triggers arguments about housing segregation. Different understandings of the way neighborhoods became segregated produce drastically different conclusions about the remedies courts should employ to correct the violations.…

This is a report on the progress (or lack of such) in the desegregation of Chicago's public schools through June, 1979. An addendum includes supplementary information through September, 1979. The history of school and social segregation in Chicago is reviewed, a chronology of the school desegregation controversy since 1961 is provided, and present…

Most state legislatures have either passed or taken under consideration for passage some minimum competency testing program. However, it is not clear that these legislative efforts will result in implementation programs that fulfill legislative intent. Throughout the United States legal challenges from students adversely affected by testing…

This syllabus records the opinion of the Supreme Court and the concurring and dissenting opinions expressed by Supreme Court justices in this case. The opinion recorded upholds the charges brought in 1973 by students in the Columbus, Ohio school system that the Columbus Board of Education was causing and perpetuating racial segregation in the…

This review of research and other literature on educational vouchers provides an overview and history of the voucher concept and voucher programs. The author first looks at several existing versions of the voucher idea, such as the G.I. Bill and Denmark's free schools. California's Alum Rock voucher experiment is evaluated, with suggestions about…

In this book, the busing issue is subjected to systematic investigation and analysis. Materials are drawn together from many disciplines, from a wide variety of school systems, and from courts, the Congress, and Federal and State administrative agencies. The constitutional requirements for desegregation are reviewed and the court's role in…

One hundred and twenty-eight documents comprise this ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education comprehensive annotated bibliography of doctoral dissertations on School Desegregation and Organization. Documents were assembled through a computer search using the Datrix System of University Microfilms and through a manual search of the Dissertation…

This chapter summarizes and analyzes all state supreme court and federal court decisions as well as other significant court decisions involving the rights of school pupils. The cases discussed are generally limited to those decided during 1974 and reported in the General Digest on or before March 1, 1975. Because of their unusual significance, the…

This bulletin, prepared by the League of Women Voters, attempts to summarize popularly used methods of desegregation and to make specific suggestions for use in the State of California. State responsibilities for desegregation are presented against the background of Federal and State court decisions. The status of racial imbalance in California…

This study sought to assess the record of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare in carrying out its mandate to prevent racial discrimination in school districts in the 33 northern and western states that did not at the time of the "Brown" decision have laws requiring or authorizing segregation of the public schools. Ten years…

A comparison of major city school systems in 10 Southern States shows clearly that Louisville has the worst record in both student and faculty segregation. And the very high ratio of black students to black teachers shows that Louisville trails all the other 11 systems in this study in the vital area of hiring black teachers. Four comparisons show…

This study explores the relationship between attitudes of public school superintendents and the amount of direct experience they have had dealing with the development of private academies in their respective school districts. The dependent variables consist of eight attitudinal items. The first four deal with potential reasons for the return of…

When students in a New Jersey public middle school decided to learn about their community's history of desegregation through a unique language arts and social studies project, no one imagined how powerful the experience would be for everyone involved. In addition to researching newspaper articles and historical documents, the students conducted…