The purpose of this qualitative case study research was to explore how structured programs such as recreation, sport, and leisure activities can help elementary school at-risk youth in an afterschool program at a K-5 elementary school in central North Carolina. The central research questions for this study include the following: What are the perceptions of instructional and non-instructional staff on the academic and behavioral influence of a structured after school program on at-risk males? What is the influence of adequate mentoring on academic success and decreasing problematic behaviors when providing a sport and recreation afterschool program for at-risk males? The study findings revealed four themes, consistency, accountability, communication, and school-based teacher mentors vs. outside mentors. Recommendations for future research suggested that other programs are examined in other states, examine middle school and high school teacher perceptions, and provide further research on the available resources for at-risk students at all grade levels. Implications for the study include continually evaluating programs to ensure at-risk students are academically successful and recommend changes to program policies and procedures. The 10 study participants shared their experiences and perceptions of how afterschool programs are a viable source for improving student academic performance, particularly at-risk male students. The study focused on an afterschool recreational program in North Carolina. The results may be generalizable to other educational leaders' experiences and perceptions in other states. Future research is recommended to examine the influence of afterschool programs as a viable source for improving student academic performance, particularly at-risk male students. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]