Adventure programs and philosophies can be an effective means for realizing violence prevention programming goals. Collaborative, noncompetitive activities help children develop a heightened sense of empathy and perspective, create and apply supportive behavioral norms, and in turn, improve conduct and climate in schools. Sample programs include…

This article presents three related evaluation studies looking at the effectiveness on achievement and motivation of Reading Together, a cross-age peer-tutoring reading program. The effects on tutees, tutors, teachers, and parents were monitored. The advantages of Reading Together began to accrue during the second and third phases of the program.…

An action research project describes a cross-age tutoring program to help increase the reading achievement of targeted second graders. The targeted population consisted of second and fifth graders in a middle class suburban community west of a large midwestern city. The problems of poor word attack skills and reading comprehension were documented…

An action research project focused on how a child's academic achievement is affected by his or her chronological age. The population consisted of kindergarten and third-grade students in a growing middle class community within a southwest suburb of Chicago, Illinois. Evidence for the existence of this problem was gathered from teacher surveys,…

This practicum was designed to provide low-achieving first graders with the opportunity to improve their concept of what a word is and motivate children to become more enthusiastic about the reading process. Cooperative learning, cross-age tutoring, and skill-oriented instruction were utilized in the classroom during the 3-month period to…

Part of the School Improvement Research Series, this report describes two peer tutoring programs, one at the secondary and one at the primary level. The schools where the programs are conducted are both in the Lake Washington School District, across Lake Washington from Seattle. The report first cites Lake Washington High School (Kirkland), where…

The literature concerning tutoring in the elementary schools was surveyed and evaluated to determine the relative effectiveness of two types of programs--peer and cross-age tutoring. Studies involving each type of program were analyzed separately and effectiveness was judged by the gains in reading achievement experienced by both tutors and…

Issues in tutoring handicapped and gifted students are examined in the paper, one of a collection of papers commissioned for the Foundations project on the career development needs of students entering the National Technical Institute for the Deaf. Studies are reviewed which assess the effects of tutoring on both tutors and tutees in three broad…

The purpose of this study was to analyze the verbal interactions of children assigned to multiage classrooms. Specifically, the study investigated whether children of a particular age group interact with other children across age groups and the types of interactions each age group display. It also investigated student-to-teacher interactions and…

This bibliography is intended to provide the educational researcher, classroom teacher, and school administrator with information that will enable them to instigate a peer tutorial program. It includes articles on forms of tutoring that have potential for the involvement of children as tutors, such as structured tutoring and programed tutoring.…

This study investigated the effects of a cross-age tutorial experience on the self-esteem of the tutors and the reading achievement of the pupils. Ninety-two fifth-grade males selected from four parochial schools in Nassau County, New York, were tested on a self-esteem inventory. Those scoring lowest were randomly assigned to tutoring groups and…

This study examined the effects of a cross-age training program on the interpersonal conceptions of the students serving as trainers. A total of 24 sixth graders participated in the study, 12 in the training group and 12 in the control group which received no training. The training group met twice a week, once to lead dilemma discussion groups…

Part of a larger study of cross-age interaction in one-room schools, this study examined the extent and characteristics of peer tutoring in contemporary one-teacher schools. Since Nebraska had more one-teacher schools (626 in 1971-72) than any other state, 110 one-room schools with an enrollment of 10 or more students in grades 1 through 6 or 8…

The focus of Forum 3 was to recommend action-oriented programs to help the school-age child find and use already-existing community resources to help him develop a positive identity. Specifically, the following components are recommended: (1) The Cultural Voucher system, in which children ages 3 to 16 would be able to purchase enriching goods and…