NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
Author
Carnine, Linda1
Education Level
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Does not meet standards1
Showing one result Save | Export
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Carnine, Linda; And Others – Reading Research Quarterly, 1984
Concludes that in the first stage of reading, students appear to make relatively few nonsense errors on familiar words, whether they are taught with a meaning-based or phonics approach. However, if initial instruction emphasizes phonics, real word substitutions tend to be graphically constrained; with initial meaning-emphasis instruction,…
Descriptors: Context Clues, Developmental Stages, Economically Disadvantaged, Error Analysis (Language)