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Valentine, Katherine A.; Truckenmiller, Adrea J.; Troia, Gary A.; Aldridge, Sydney – Grantee Submission, 2021
Understanding students' progress towards meeting grade-level expectations within an academic year is the goal of many education stakeholders so that they can make decisions to adjust instruction and improve students' learning trajectories. The purpose of this study was to explore 4th and 5th grade students' progress towards meeting expectations in…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Grade 5, Writing Skills
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Klesius, Janell P.; And Others – Reading Research and Instruction, 1991
Examines the differences in the effectiveness of whole language and traditional instruction in end-of-the-year reading, writing, and spelling achievement for children with varying levels of incoming phonemic awareness, reading, and writing ability. Finds that neither program was more likely to close gaps between children high or low in these…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Elementary Education, Grade 1, Instructional Effectiveness